纳米银的来源及其影响污水和污泥处理的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.02.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来随着纳米银生产和使用的逐渐增多,导致环境中纳米银的浓度逐渐升高。物质流分析表明,大部分的纳米银将随污水进入污水处理厂,进而富集到污泥中。鉴于纳米银的抗菌性,其可能会对污水处理系统中的微生物产生影响。本文首先系统介绍了环境水体中纳米银的不同来源(即天然来源和人为来源),着重总结了目前对其影响污水和污泥处理系统的研究,即对污水中碳、氮、磷的去除效率和污泥厌氧消化过程的影响,并进一步分析了其对这一过程中微生物的毒性作用,探讨了其毒性效应的来源及作用机理,最后对该领域的研究进行了展望。综述内容为深入研究纳米银对污水和污泥处理系统的潜在风险提供了一定的理论基础。

关键词: 纳米材料, 环境, 污染, 脱氮除磷, 污泥发酵

Abstract: In recent years,the production and use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has gradually increased,resulting in higher concentration of AgNPs in the environment. Material flow analysis shows that most of AgNPs in wastewater enter into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs),and finally accumulate in the sludge. Due to the antibacterial property,AgNPs might have adverse effects on microorganisms involved in WWTPs. This paper comprehensively summarizes different sources of AgNPs in water systems (i.e. natural and artificial sources),potential risks to wastewater and sludge treatment facilities,such as the effects on removal efficiencies of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus and anaerobic sludge digestion,and the underlying mechanisms of their toxicities to microorganisms involved in WWTPs. Finally,the development direction of this research field is also discussed. These results can provide a theoretical basis for further investigation of the potential risks of AgNPs to wastewater and sludge treatment systems.

Key words: nanomaterials, enviroment, pollution, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, sludge fermentation

中图分类号:

X703

吴丽娟, 郑雄, 陈银广. 纳米银的来源及其影响污水和污泥处理的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(02): 542-548,570.

WU Lijuan, ZHENG Xiong, CHEN Yinguang. Source of silver nanoparticles and its influence on sewage and sludge treatment[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2015, 34(02): 542-548,570.

参考文献

[1] Lowry G V,Gregory K B,Apte S C,et al. Transformations of nanomaterials in the environment[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2012,46(13):6893-6899.
[2] Nowack B,Krug H F,Height M. 120 years of nanosilver history:Implications for policy makers[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(4):1177-1183.
[3] Choi O,Hu Z. Size dependent and reactive oxygen species related nanosilver toxicity to nitrifying bacteria[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42(12):4583-4588.
[4] Shrivastava S,Bera T,Roy A,et al. Characterization of enhanced antibacterial effects of novel silver nanoparticles[J]. Nanotechnology,2007,18(22):225103.
[5] Sun X,Sheng Z,Liu Y. Effects of silver nanoparticles on microbial community structure in activated sludge[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2013,443:828-835.
[6] Mueller N C,Nowack B. Exposure modeling of engineered nanoparticles in the environment[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42(12):4447-4453.
[7] Fabrega J,Luoma S N,Tyler C R,et al. Silver nanoparticles:Behaviour and effects in the aquatic environment[J]. Environment International,2011,37(2):517-531.
[8] Yin Y,Liu J,Jiang G. Sunlight-induced reduction of ionic Ag and Au to metallic nanoparticles by dissolved organic matter[J]. ACS Nano,2012,6(9):7910-7919.
[9] Adegboyega N F,Sharma V K,Siskova K,et al. Interactions of aqueous Ag+with fulvic acids:Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle formation and investigation of stability[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2012,47(2):757-764.
[10] Akaighe N,MacCuspie R I,Navarro D A,et al. Humic acid-induced silver nanoparticle formation under environmentally relevant conditions[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(9):3895-3901.
[11] Glover R D,Miller J M,Hutchison J E. Generation of metal nanoparticles from silver and copper objects:Nanoparticle dynamics on surfaces and potential sources of nanoparticles in the environment[J]. ACS Nano,2011,5(11):8950-8957.
[12] Gardea-Torresdey J L,Gomez E,Peralta-Videa J R,et al. Alfalfa sprouts:A natural source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles[J]. Langmuir,2003,19(4):1357-1361.
[13] Benn T M,Westerhoff P. Nanoparticle silver released into water from commercially available sock fabrics[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42(11):4133-4139.
[14] Geranio L,Heuberger M,Nowack B. The behavior of silver nanotextiles during washing[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2009,43(21):8113-8118.
[15] Benn T,Cavanagh B,Hristovski K,et al. The release of nanosilver from consumer products used in the home[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,2010,39(6):1875-1882.
[16] Park J,Kwak B K,Bae E,et al. Characterization of exposure to silver nanoparticles in a manufacturing facility[J]. Journal of Nanoparticle Research,2009,11(7):1705-1712.
[17] Mitrano D M,Lesher E K,Bednar A,et al. Detecting nanoparticulate silver using single-particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2012,31(1):115-121.
[18] Alito C L,Gunsch C K. Assessing the effects of silver nanoparticles on biological nutrient removal in bench-scale activated sludge sequencing batch reactors[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2014,48(2):970-976.
[19] Liang Z,Das A,Hu Z. Bacterial response to a shock load of nanosilver in an activated sludge treatment system[J]. Water Research,2010,44(18):5432-5438.
[20] Hou L,Li K,Ding Y,et al. Removal of silver nanoparticles in simulated wastewater treatment processes and its impact on COD and NH4+reduction[J]. Chemosphere,2012,87(3):248-252.
[21] Zhang C,Liang Z,Hu Z. Bacterial response to a continuous long-term exposure of silver nanoparticles at sub-ppm silver concentrations in a membrane bioreactor activated sludge system[J]. Water Research,2014,50:350-358.
[22] Wang Y,Westerhoff P,Hristovski K D. Fate and biological effects of silver,titanium dioxide,and C₆₀ (fullerene) nanomaterials during simulated wastewater treatment processes[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,201-202:16-22.
[23] Kim J Y,Lee C,Cho M,et al. Enhanced inactivation of E. coli and MS-2 phage by silver ions combined with UV-A and visible light irradiation[J]. Water Research,2008,42(1):356-362.
[24] Yang Y,Wang J,iu Z,et al. Impacts of silver nanoparticles on cellular and transcriptional activity of nitrogen-cycling bacteria[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2013,32(7):1488-1494.
[25] Fabrega J,Fawcett S R,Renshaw J C,et al. Silver nanoparticle impact on bacterial growth:Effect of pH,concentration,and organic matter[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2009,43(19):7285-7290.
[26] Yang Y,Li M,Michels C,et al. Differential sensitivity of nitrifying bacteria to silver nanoparticles in activated sludge[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2014,33(10):2234-2239.
[27] 张汝嘉. 纳米银对硝化细菌以及SBR反应器中的活性污泥的抑制作用的研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010.
[28] Jeong E,Chae S,Kang S,et al. Effects of silver nanoparticles on biological nitrogen removal processes[J]. Water Science & Technology,2012,65(7):1298-1303.
[29] Chen Y,Chen H,Zheng X,et al. The impacts of silver nanoparticles and silver ions on wastewater biological phosphorous removal and the mechanisms[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,239:88-94.
[30] Chen H,Zheng X,Chen Y,et al. Long-term performance of enhanced biological phosphorus removal with increasing concentrations of silver nanoparticles and ions[J]. RSC Advances,2013,3(25):9835-9842.
[31] Sheng Z Y,Liu Y. Effects of silver nanoparticles on wastewater biofilms[J]. Water Research,2011,45(18):6039-6050.
[32] Radniecki T S,Stankus D P,Neigh A,et al. Influence of liberated silver from silver nanoparticles on nitrification inhibition of Nitrosomonas europaea[J]. Chemosphere,2011,85(1):43-49.
[33] Doolette C L,McLaughlin M J,Kirby J K,et al. Transformation of PVP coated silver nanoparticles in a simulated wastewater treatment process and the effect on microbial communities[J]. Chemistry Central Journal,2013,7(1):1-18.
[34] Garcia A,Delgado L,Tora J A,et al. Effect of cerium dioxide,titanium dioxide,silver,and gold nanoparticles on the activity of microbial communities intended in wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,199:64-72.
[35] Yang Y. Impact of metallic nanoparticles on anaerobic digestion[D]. New York:University of Missouri-Columbia,2012.
[36] Gottschalk F,Sonderer T,Scholz R W,et al. Modeled environmental concentrations of engineered nanomaterials (TiO₂,ZnO,Ag,CNT,fullerenes) for different regions[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2009,43(24):9216-9222.
[37] Yang Y,Chen Q,Wall J D,et al. Potential nanosilver impact on anaerobic digestion at moderate silver concentrations[J]. Water Research,2012,46(4):1176-1184.
[38] 施畅,徐丽明,邵安良. 纳米银的毒理学研究现状[J]. 药物分析杂志,2013,33(12):2025-2033.
[39] Yang Y,Quensen J,Mathieu J,et al. Pyrosequencing reveals higher impact of silver nanoparticles than Ag+on the microbial community structure of activated sludge[J]. Water Research,2014,48:317-25.
[40] Yuan Z,Li J,Cui L,et al. Interaction of silver nanoparticles with pure nitrifying bacteria[J]. Chemosphere,2013,90(4):1404-1411.
[41] Choi O,Deng K K,Kim N J,et al. The inhibitory effects of silver nanoparticles,silver ions,and silver chloride colloids on microbial growth[J]. Water Research,2008,42(12):3066-3074.
[42] Navarro E,Piccapietra F,Wagner B,et al. Toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42(23):8959-8964.
[43] Xiu Z M,Ma J,Alvarez P J J. Differential effect of common ligands and molecular oxygen on antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles versus silver ions[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(20):9003-9008.
[44] Ip M,Lui S L,Poon V K,et al. Antimicrobial activities of silver dressings:An in vitro comparison[J]. Journal of Medical Microbiology,2006,55(1):59-63.
[45] Yin L,Cheng Y,Espinasse B,et al. More than the ions:The effects of silver nanoparticles on Lolium multiflorum[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(6):2360-2367.
[46] Morones J R,Elechiguerra J L,Camacho A,et al. The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles[J]. Nanotechnology,2005,16(10):2346-2353.
[47] Pal S,Tak Y K,Song J M. Does the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles depend on the shape of the nanoparticle? A study of the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2007,73(6):1712-1720.
[48] Arnaout C L,Gunsch C K. Impacts of silver nanoparticle coating on the nitrification potential of Nitrosomonas europaea[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2012,46(10):5387-5395.
[49] El Badawy A M,Silva R G,Morris B,et al. Surface charge-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(1):283-287.
[50] Siripattanakul-Ratpukdi S,Ploychankul C,Limpiyakorn T,et al. Mitigation of nitrification inhibition by silver nanoparticles using cell entrapment technique[J]. Journal of Nanoparticle Research,2014,16(2):2210-2227.