关键词: 炸药, N-甲基咪唑, 1-甲基-2,4,5-三硝基咪唑（MTNI）, 中间体, 1-甲基-2,4,5-三碘基咪唑（MTII）, 碘化, 炸药, N-甲基咪唑, 1-甲基-2,4,5-三硝基咪唑, 中间体, 1-甲基-2,4,5-三碘基咪唑, 碘化

Abstract: In order to improve the synthetic route of 1-methyl-2,4,5-triiodoimidazole (MTII) and increase the rate of it,a new synthetic process was explored. MTII was synthesized by using N-methylimidazole as starting material via iodination of CH₃COOH/I₂/HIO₃ aqueous solution and then refined in acetone/water. The target product was characterized by IR,¹H NMR,MS and elemental analysis. The mechanism of reaction was discussed and effects of charging sequence,material ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of the title compound were investigated. Through single factor experiments,the optimum reaction condition was determined that the molar ratio of HIO₃ and N-methylimidazole was 1.8:1,the molar ratio of I₂ and N-methylimidazole was 1.7:1,the reaction temperature was 75℃,and the reaction time was 2.5h. The two solutions were mixed uniformly when I₂ and HIO₃ dissolved in acetic acid and dilute sulfuric acid respectively,then N-methylimidazole and CCl₄ were put in the reaction liquid as the optimum feeding sequence obtained. The yield of the MTII was up to 70% under the above condition. The new synthetic process has significant advantages and a better practical application value than traditional synthetic process,such as synthetic route,reaction time,the yield and so on.

Key words: explosive, N-methylimidazole, 1-methyl-2,4,5-triiodoimidazole(MTNI), intermediate, 1-methyl-2,4,5-triiodoimidazole(MTII), iodination, explosive, N-methylimidazole, 1-methyl-2,4,5-trinitroimidazole(MTNI), intermediate, 1-methyl-2,4,5-triiodoimidazole(MTII), iodination