Coal gasification is the key technology for clean and high-efficiency coal utilization. It also is the basis of process industry for coal-based chemicals synthesis（such as ammonia，methanol，acetic acid，olefin etc.），advanced Intergrated Gasification Combined Cycle（IGCC）system，poly-cogeneration，hydrogen production，fuel cell and direct-reduction iron making. It is very important to research and develop large-scale coal gasification technology. In this paper，the status of the development of over-sea large-scale coal gasification technology is summarized. And that of research and commercialization of large-scale coal gasification in China is also been introduced. The development trend of and technical approach to commercialization of coal gasification are analyzed.

The features and recent progress of mathematical model of photocatalytic reactor are introduced. Four key factors in establishing mathematical model of photocatalytic reactor: illumination arrangement，radiation field，reaction kinetics，and mass transfer are discussed. Through the analysis of modeling theory used to build mathematical model of photocatalytic reactor， the existing problems and future research priorities are presented.

Pervaporation is used in acetic acid separation as a new type of membrane separation technology. Preferential permeation of either water or acetic acid is applied to the pervaporation separation of biofermented acetic acid or other low concentration acid solution. Acetic acid can be highly purified by the separation technology. The pervaporation technology in the separation and purification of acetic acid is discussed，including the membrane materials，coupling technology and its application. The development trend of pervaporation is prospected.

This paper proposes a new mode of batch extractive distillation with two stills and two solvent inlets. The liquid reflux in the column containing solvent does not flow into the batch reboiler，but into a simple distillation still，from which only vapor phase flows into batch reboiler while the solvent flows back into the column. This separation of ethanol-water azeotrope using glycol as solvent is analyzed. The result shows that when the system is operated twice，the output is the greatest and the consumption is the least. The new operation mode has such advantages as stable still temperature changes，and less fresh solvent consumption.

The loop reactors are applied widely for its simple structure and many merits. To introduce the loop reactor for coal liquefaction，a large-scale loop reactor cold model experimental apparatus was built. Many tests for nitrogen-water system were made with this apparatus，and the effects of gas superficial velocity，pressure and superficial tension on gas holdup were investigated. The gas holdups of bubble state and loop state were compared and loop reactor’s operational flexibility was investigated. Important conclusions were reached.

In order to increase the heat transfer performance of the falling film evaporator outside horizontal tubes，increasing inter-connection rib plate between horizontal tubes to strengthen the heat transfer was proposed. The heat transfer performance of the falling film evaporators outside horizontal tubes was studied with distilled water as working medium，the evaporative heat transfer coefficient of outside horizontal tube increased with the increase of sprinkling density，temperature difference and inter-connection baffle width，and reduced with the increase of diameter.

A micropore activated carbon (AC-1) with 1943m2/g specific surface area and an activated carbon (AC-2) with 1567m2/g specific surface area and 47.18% mesopores were prepared. Adsorption isotherms of CO2，CH4，N2 and O2 on AC-1 and AC-2 were determined at 298K and the adsorption separation properties of the activated carbons for the mixtures of CO2/N2，CO2/CH4 and CH4/N2 were discussed. The results showed that the pore structure was the main factor affecting the adsorption separation properties of the activated carbons. AC-2 which with many mesopores was more suitable for the adsorptive separation of the mixtures of CO2/N2，CO2/CH4 than AC-1 with only micropores，while AC-1 was more suitable for the adsorptive separation of CH4/N2 than AC-2.

Valonia extract was oxidized by H2O2. The modified valonia tannin was investigated for adsorption removal of copper in aqueous solution. The influences of pH value，initial Cu2+ concentration on adsorption capacity of Cu were discussed. The result indicated that oxidization of valonia tannin was well-fitted by the Freundlich equation. The copper adsorption capacity of modified tannin was mainly influenced by the initial concentration. When it was 20mg/L，there was no adsorption，and the maximum adsorption capacity reached 39.300 mg/g when the initial concentration was 100 mg/L.

Development of demulsification techniques for crude oil emulsion is one of the most important research topics in petroleum industry. The recent advances in the demulsification of crude oil emulsion are reviewed，with emphasis on chemical，physical，and microbial demulsification. The advantages of such demulsifacation methods are summarized and the important research directions in the application of these methods in commercial scale are discussed.

Rapeseed residues can be utilized by means of pyrolysis due to its high content of volatile components. A thermogravimetric analysis was carried out to investigate the pyrolysis characteristics of rapeseed residues. A two-segment rotary furnace processing method was used for pyrolysis of rapeseed residues. The pyrolysis products in the rotary furnace at 500℃ were analyzed . The yields of solid and liquid product were high，and the fuel oil and coke products were both of good quality with broad prospects for future development，which offered a new approach to accomplishing the reutilization of rapeseed residue.

Tert-amyl alcohol was used as a reaction medium for Novozym 435 lipase-catalyzed methanolysis of soybean oil for biodiesel production. With tert-amyl alcohol as reaction medium，both the negative effects caused by excessive methanol and by-product glycerol could be eliminated. The highest biodiesel yield of 97% was obtained under the optimum conditions (tert-amyl alcohol/oil volume ratio 1，methanol/oil molar ratio 3，2% Novozym 435 based on the soybean oil weight，temperature 40 ℃，2% water content based on soybean oil，180 r/min and 15 h). Moreover，there was no evident loss in lipase activity and stability even after being repeatedly used for 160 runs and the yield of biodiesel production was more than 95%.

The synthesis of three kinds of bismetalloporphyrins was reviewed：the commonly used and mature synthesis methods of covalent flexible single bond linked bismetalloporphyrins； series cross coupling methods and other methods used to synthesize conjugated group linked or directly linked bismetalloporphyrins；synthetic methods of m-oxo-bismetalloporphyrins. Homogeneous catalytic oxidations of organic substrates such as alkane and alkene catalyzed by m-oxo-bismetalloporphyrins and flexible alkoxyl oxygen linked-bismetalloporphyrins were introduced，and the catalytic mechanism of these two bismetalloporphyrins，along with the possible synergetic catalysis mechanism of binuclear central metal were discussed. Finally，the research prospects of bismetalloporphyrins as biomimetic catalysts were summarized.

The advances in homopolymerization of polar monomers and copolymerization of nonpolar monomers with polar monomers based on CGC catalyst，half-metallocene catalyst，bis-metallocene catalyst，multinuclear metallocene catalyst，bridged metallocene catalyst，and non-metallocene catalyst are reviewed． The mechanism of polar monomer polymerization promoted by metallocene catalysts includes living radical polymerization and coordination polymerization．Polymer of polar monomer and copolymer of polar monomer with nonpolar monomer are prepared via metallocene catalysts． It not only expands the application of metallocene catalysts in polymer science，but also develops a kind of polar polyolefin resin featuring new performance．

The recent progresses of codoped titania photocatalyst are reviewed. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of titania can be further improved by codoping because of the synergy by doped elements. The mechanism of synergy of codoped titania are discussed from promoting visible light response，restraining recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes，increasing quantity of hydroxyl on the surface of catalyst，and other synergistic effects. The non-effective phenomena of synergy of codoped titania are introduced. Finally，the future research directions of codoped titania photocatalyst are also suggested.

The non-oxidative and oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene based on the principles of chemical reaction，thermodynamics，catalysts is summarized．The mechanisms and kinetics of dehydrogenation reaction over Pt，Cr or ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts，and oxidative dehydrogenation over V-Mg-O and V2O5/ZrO2 catalysts are discussed in detail．

Zeolite Y/mesoporous Al-SBA-15 composite with highly hydrothermal stability and dealuminated Y zeolite with mesopores were prepared by a two-step method and an acid - hydrothermal treatment integrated method respectively. Their catalysts were prepared by an impregnation method using as-prepared materials. By using XRD，N2 sorption isotherms，SEM，XRF，and TEM techniques，comparative analysis was carried out between the zeolite materials and their catalysts. The mesopore size distribution of Zeolite Y/mesoporous Al-SBA-15 composite was from 7 to 10nm，which was larger than that of dealuminated Y zeolite，from 3.5 to 4.5nm. Zeolite Y/mesoporous Al-SBA-15 composite as catalyst support played an important role in providing acid sites，increasing pore volume and average pore diameter. The catalytic performance of the two catalysts for hydrocracking heavy oil was evaluated under the same condition. Experimental results showed that the catalyst containing zeolite Y/mesoporous Al-SBA-15 composite resulted in 66.21% of middle distillates yield，5.68% higher than that of dealuminated Y zeolite. The middle distillates selectivity was 84.5%，5.7% higher than that of catalyst containing dealuminated Y zeolite.

The history of surface coating method of liquid phase deposition，technologies of fabricating functional oxide coatings，especially TiO2 thin films characterized with photocatalytic activity and photo-induced amphiphlicity，and applications in photocatalysis，self-cleaning，antibacterial，anticorrosion and antifouling were reviewed. Further research directions including deepening microscopic understanding of liquid phase deposition mechanism，preparing TiO2 photocatalysts with higher activities and/or wider absorption spectral range of solar radiation，fabricating functional heat transfer surfaces that can inhibit fouling and enhance heat transfer in energy conservation related areas，and improving the process of liquid phase deposition from the point of view of cyclic economy were suggested.

The main materials to such as isocyanate，polyol，blowing agent and foam stabilizer et al，prepare rigid polyurethane foam are introduced. Physical properties like mechanical，fire retardant and aging properties et al and applications of rigid polyurethane foam are reviewed.

Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is a new living/controlled polymerization，and reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (RATRP) is derived on the basis of ATRP，having overcome some shortcomings of ATRP. This paper introduces the mechanism of RATRP，and summarizes the research progress of RATRP in terms of monomers，initiators and catalytic systems.

Carbon fibers (CFs) were surface oxidized and aminated，respectively. The influence on the element contents and functional groups of the fiber surface was investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxygen content increased significantly and the (O+N)/C ratio was comparably higher after oxidation treatment. The oxygen content decreased while the nitrogen content increased as formation of amino groups after amination treatment. The soakage of water and epoxy resin to CF surface was characterized by the contact angle which was measured through the insert method and liquid droplet method，respectively. As a result，the contact angle of CFs with respect to epoxy resin was found to be remarkably decreased. The contact angle of the aminated CFs with respect to epoxy resin was lower than that of the oxidized ones，which proved surface amino group increment to be a stimulative factor on the soakage of epoxy resin to CFs.

The bulk density of market available sodium percarbonate (SPC) is often no less than 850 kg/m3，it is therefore difficult to blend uniformly between the detergent and the SPC due to their difference in bulk density. The method and techniques for synthesizing low-density SPC by the wet-method were proposed. The factors，such as stabilizer and process conditions affecting the stability and density were examined. The stability mechanism of external stabilizers，such as magnesium sulfate was discussed. The bulk density of this newly prepared SPC varied from 550 kg/m3 to 750kg/m3，the wet stability was larger than 60%，and the thermal stability was larger than 90%. The average particle size of this low-density SPC varied from 0.5mm to1.0mm.

The effects of extraction time，ethanol concentration，ratio of liquid to solid，and ultrasound power on extraction using ultrasound to extract podophyllotoxin from Sinopodophyllum emodi(Wall.)Ying were investigated. The extraction parameters were optimized by the response surface method (RSM) as follows：ethanol concentration of 55.43% alcohol，ratio of liquid to solid of 9.97∶1，extraction time of 49.87 minutes，ultrasound power of 206.71 W. The optimized extraction rate could reach 13.36% and the content of podophyllotoxin in lixivium was 2.78%. The optimized model by RSM agreed well with practice.

Trypsin is an important proteolytic enzyme，already used in large-scale processes by the detergent and dairy industries. Separation of trypsin directly from porcine pancreatic homogenate in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) of polyethylene glycol/ammonium sulfate was studied．The effects of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) concentration，(NH4)2SO4 concentration，NaCl concentration，and pH value on the extraction of porcine pancreatic trypsin were investigated in terms of phase volume，partition coefficients of both enzyme activity and protein，and recovery．Orthogonal experiment was used to further analyze and optimize the separation of trypsin. The results indicated that the control of the concentration of (NH4)2SO4 and PEG400 were the most important for partitioning of trypsin．The NaCl addition had little effect on trypsin partition. Maximum partition coefficient of enzyme activity was 8.48 under the optimum separation conditions of 24% PEG400，20% (NH4)2SO4，and pH 4.2. The separation was successfully scaled up to 100 g system with the trypsin activity of 1，780 U/ mL at 20℃.

The recent advances in the main clean processes to synthesize diphenylmethane diisocyanates (MDI) are reviewed，such as BTC method，condensation of aniline，reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene，oxidative carbonylation of aniline，methoxycarbonylation of aniline，alcoholysis of N,N′-diphenyl urea and the coupling process. The coupling process not only has mild reaction conditions，simple operation，high atomic economy and low cost，but also promotes the mitigation and resource utilization of greenhouse gas CO2，and has the best commercialization prospect.

The process of preparing high-purity new AB-PBO monomer：4-(5-amino-6- hydroxybenzoxazole-2-yl) benzoic acid（ABA）was studied，and the effect of pH on ABA molecular morphology and IR absorption were investigated. The results showed that ABA was conveniently synthesized from methyl 4-(5-amino-6-hydroxybenzoxazole-2-yl)benzoate (MAB) with purity of 99.5% and yield of 85% via alkali hydrolysis of K2CO3 at 60—100℃ and crystallization at pH 6.0 in aqueous solution of weak acid salt with reducing properties，such as Na2S2O4 or NaHSO3，which had the advantages of simple procedure and easy industrialization. The prepared ABA had the characteristics of high-quality，polymer retarder DMF-free，excellent thermo- and antioxydation -stability，and safe operation in polymerization. New progress was achieved in preparing polymer grade AB-PBO monomer.

Epoxidized cottonseed oil was synthesized by reaction of organic acid acidified cottonseed oil with hydrogen peroxide using H3PO4 as catalyst in the emulsion system without solvent . The structure of synthesized epoxidized cottonseed oil was characterized by means of’ 1H NMR and FT-IR. Epoxy value，iodine value，acid value，and color of the product were determined by Chinese national standards. The effects of emulsiofier and organic acid，reaction time，temperature and proportion of reactants on the product properties were investigated. High quality epoxidized cottonseed oil plasticizer could be obtained by reaction of formic acid acidified cottonseed oil with hydrogen peroxide using MOA-3 as emulsifier without solvent. Epoxy value，iodine value (100g ) and acid value of the product could reach 6.12%、3.67g and 0.32 mg/g respectively. Epoxidized soybean oil was also successfully synthesized. The process avoids using organic solvent and decreases undesirable byproduct，and improves the quality of product.

Several important aspects of the flue gas purification and sulfur recovery technology using temperature swing adsorption (TSA) by carbonaceous methods in moving beds，including the background，principles，technology characteristics，industrial application progress，technological conditions，current status，development trend，and economic evaluation were reviewed. At the same time，other flue gas purification and sulfur recovery technology by carbonaceous methods were also introduced. The industrial application of this technology，technology evolution，advantages and disadvantages were analyzed and discussed. Meanwhile，the optimum technological conditions were presented，the current status was analyzed，and the development trend was commented. The economic analysis of this technology was evaluated and compared with other technologies. This technology will find wide applications in domestic environmental areas in the future.

This paper mainly introduces the pyrolysis process of sewage sludge and pyrolysis mechanism，and summarizes the structural properties of the solid residue：pore structure distribution，elemental composition and acidity. The progress of the applications of the solid residue in adsorbing metal ions，dye or COD in waste water and H2S or SO2 in gas flow is introduced. It is emphasized that the pyrolysis of sewage sludge will play a very important role in its reuse.

The improved LY-C2-02 catalyst was prepared by taking into account the characteristics of Fushun ethylene C2 hydrogenation unit. The running performance of the improved LY-C2-02 catalyst was investigated by comparing with G-58C catalyst. The experiment was performed in a simulating equipment for 12 days，and the catalyst was run in two reactors in series. The results showed that the acetylene decrease was 1.0% in the first reactor，which was 0.04% higher than G-58C catalyst； the selectivity was 81.5% in the second reactor，which was 3.5% higher than G-58C catalyst. The comprehensive performance of improved LY-C2-02 catalyst achieved the performance of G-58C catalyst. It indicated that the improved LY-C2-02 catalyst satisfied the technical demand of the first and second reactors of Fushun ethylene C2 hydrogenation unit.

Based on the characteristics of membrane filter press and pigment industry，the application of membrane filter press in pigment industry was discussed，and the technological parameter in phthalocyanine green washing process were optimized.

After pretreatment and dilution，waste sulfuric acid from titanium white production was used for preparation of resorcinol by acidic hydrolysis of meta-phenylenediamine. The effects of transition metal salt catalyst，reaction temperature and time on the yield of resorcinol were investigated. A yield of 90.2% was achieved under the conditions of mole ratio of catalyst to sulfuric acid 0.008∶2，reaction temperature 220℃ and reaction time 9h. Post treatment process was modified to give a higher yield，lower energy cost and less wastes.The process featuresnot only reduction of waste release by reuse of waste sulfuric acid，but also significant economic benefits.

The city group，including Changsha，Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is designated as an experimental zone for building “resource-saving and environmentally friendly society”. Zhuzhou is a traditional，key industrial city and in its one area —— Qingshui Tang，there are serious problems of “three-wastes” from chemical and metallurgical industry，which is severely inconsistent with the goal of building a “resource-saving and environmentally friendly society”. By studying the recycling and disposal of industrial waste，such as calcium carbide residue from Zhuzhou chemical group，this thesis paper presents a preliminary study on the significance of recycling industrial waste resources.