Research status and development on solidification for high-salt desulfurization wastewater with cement

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-2422

Abstract

Abstract:

As the terminal wastewater of power plant, desulfurization wastewater has complex background. The water quality and quantity characteristics are affected by coal, limestone and the operation of desulfurization system, etc. The characteristics of desulfurization wastewater are introduced from the aspects of the tracer of pollutant composition. At present, the common zero liquid discharge treatment technologies of desulfurization wastewater can be divided into three units: pretreatment, concentration and reduction, transfer and solidification. Pretreatment mainly refers to double alkali method. Concentration reduction can be divided into two categories: membrane concentration and evaporation concentration. Transfer and solidification mainly include evaporation crystallization, bypass evaporation and fixation/stabilization. In consideration of the progress of zero liquid discharge treatment technologies of desulfurization wastewater at present, the paper proposed a solidification/stabilization of desulfurization wastewater with cement, and summarized the factors affecting solidification of chloride ion in cement industry. The solidification/stabilization of desulfurization wastewater with cement has broad development prospects, but more research is needed to improve the performance of solidified blocks.

Key words: desulfurization wastewater, zero liquid discharge, concentration reduction, bypass evaporation, solidification with cement, chloride ion

摘要：

脱硫废水作为电厂的末端废水，产生背景复杂，水质水量特征受燃煤、石灰石以及脱硫系统运行等多因素影响，处理难度大。本文从脱硫废水污染物成分示踪角度介绍了脱硫废水的性质和产生背景，归纳了当前主流的脱硫废水零排放处理技术，将其分解为预处理、浓缩减量以及转移与固化3个单元：预处理主要是双碱法，浓缩减量分为膜浓缩和蒸发浓缩两大类，转移与固化主要包括蒸发结晶、旁路蒸发和固定/稳定化等技术。结合目前脱硫废水零排放进展，提出了一种水泥固定/稳定化脱硫废水工艺，综述了水泥固化脱硫废水的研究进展，同时对水泥行业中影响氯离子固定的各项因素进行了总结，水泥固定/稳定化脱硫废水技术发展前景广阔，但需要从提升固化体性能角度开展更多研究。

关键词: 脱硫废水, 零排放, 浓缩减量, 旁路蒸发, 水泥固定化, 氯离子

CLC Number:

X701.3

Shuangchen MA,Jianing CHEN,Zhongcheng WAN,Yajun XIANG,Jingrui ZHANG,Baozhong QU. Research status and development on solidification for high-salt desulfurization wastewater with cement[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(9): 4275-4283.

马双忱,陈嘉宁,万忠诚,向亚军,张净瑞,曲保忠. 高盐脱硫废水水泥化固定技术的研究现状与发展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(9): 4275-4283.

Figures/Tables 5

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项目	RO	FO	NF	UF	ED	MD
操作压力/MPa	1.5～11.0	≤0.2	0.5～1.5	0.1～0.5	≤0.2	常压
能耗/kW·h·m^-3	2～12.7	21	≤10	20	7～15	40～45
盐去除率/%	95～97	98	90	90	90	近100
工艺路线	简单	复杂	简单	简单	复杂	较简单
成熟度	成熟	较成熟	较成熟	较成熟	较成熟	不成熟
优点	稳定，适应性强	清洗周期长	稳定，占地小	占地小，成本低	药剂耗量小	不易堵，操作温度低
缺点	易污染，易结垢	系统复杂，投资高	水回收率低	通量低，易污染	易结垢，耗水量大	通量低，技术不成熟

项目	RO	FO	NF	UF	ED	MD
操作压力/MPa	1.5～11.0	≤0.2	0.5～1.5	0.1～0.5	≤0.2	常压
能耗/kW·h·m^-3	2～12.7	21	≤10	20	7～15	40～45
盐去除率/%	95～97	98	90	90	90	近100
工艺路线	简单	复杂	简单	简单	复杂	较简单
成熟度	成熟	较成熟	较成熟	较成熟	较成熟	不成熟
优点	稳定，适应性强	清洗周期长	稳定，占地小	占地小，成本低	药剂耗量小	不易堵，操作温度低
缺点	易污染，易结垢	系统复杂，投资高	水回收率低	通量低，易污染	易结垢，耗水量大	通量低，技术不成熟

项目	旁路蒸发塔技术	旁路烟道蒸发技术
雾化器选型	旋流雾化器	双流体雾化器
蒸发器外型	直径较大，占地面积大	直径小，占地面积小
进水要求	不严格	含固量低
腐蚀结垢特性	不易堵塞和粘壁，有腐蚀风险	有粘壁风险，选用复合板，可减少腐蚀风险

项目	旁路蒸发塔技术	旁路烟道蒸发技术
雾化器选型	旋流雾化器	双流体雾化器
蒸发器外型	直径较大，占地面积大	直径小，占地面积小
进水要求	不严格	含固量低
腐蚀结垢特性	不易堵塞和粘壁，有腐蚀风险	有粘壁风险，选用复合板，可减少腐蚀风险

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