Abstract: This paper introduced the principle and process of microwave pretreatment on waste activated sludge (WAS)，including sludge floc disintegration，cells disruption，release of intracellular organic matter，hydrolysis of organic matter and Maillard reaction. This paper also reviewed the characteristics of microwave pretreatment on WAS，including physical，chemical and biological properties，the impact factors of microwave pretreatment，such as sludge characteristics and treatment conditions，and the influence of microwave pretreatment on the subsequent anaerobic digestion. The main problems in current research are small scale，intermittent pretreatment，insufficient research on treating toxic organic compounds and pathogens. Future research should focus on combined microwave pretreatment on toxic organic compounds and pathogens in WAS，and it is important to develop related equipment and conduct continuous and pilot-scale test.

Key words: microwave pretreatment, waste activated sludge, anaerobic digestion

摘要： 介绍了微波预处理污泥的作用机理及作用过程，包括污泥絮体破解、污泥细胞破碎及有机物的释放、有机物水解、美拉德反应等，总结了微波预处理污泥的作用效果（物理特性、化学特性、生物特性）、影响微波预处理效果的因素（污泥特性、处理条件）和微波预处理污泥对其后续厌氧消化的影响。指出了目前研究中存在的主要问题是试验规模偏小，预处理方式为间歇处理，在对污泥中有毒有害有机物和病原微生物的去除研究方面还需加强。提出今后应重点开展微波组合工艺对污泥中有毒有害有机物和病原微生物去除的基础研究，同时积极开发相关设备，开展微波预处理污泥的连续和中试研究，推动微波技术在污泥资源化、减量化和无害化处理中的应用。

关键词: 微波预处理, 剩余污泥, 厌氧消化