Abstract: In recent years,graphene and its composites are considered new promising environmental protection materials,because they have large specific surface area,strong transmission electron ability and stable structure which renders them ability to adsorb more kinds of pollutants than other materials,especially for heavy metals. The current researches of the removal of heavy metals from the water by graphene materials are reviewed in this paper. The removal ability and mechanism of cadmium,mercury,chromium,copper,lead,zinc and arsenic ions by graphene materials are analyzed. The results show that the dispersion of graphene materials in water,the type of reactive functional groups,control of electronic transmission and the reuse performance of graphene composites have significant effects on the removal of heavy metal ions. We also point out that controlling graphene layers aggregation,increasing the hydrophilicity,improving the recycle ability and preparing high sensitive selective electrode will be hot topics of graphene materials modified researches. In addition,graphene composites also have good adsorption capacity for some organic pollutants,so the preparation of graphene composites as purifiers for many pollutants will become one of the main research directions of graphene composites.

Key words: graphene, composites, adsorption

摘要： 近几年，石墨烯及其复合材料因其比表面积大、传输电子能力强、结构稳定、可吸附多种污染物，被认为是极具发展潜力的环保新材料，尤其是在重金属分离方面具有明显的优势。本文综述了各类石墨烯材料在水中重金属去除方面的研究现状，对比分析了不同材料对镉、汞、铬、铜、铅、锌和砷离子的去除能力及机理。认为石墨烯复合材料在水中分散情况、活性官能团种类、电子传输能力调控和重复使用性能对重金属离子去除有重要影响。指出控制石墨烯片层聚集、增加亲水性、提高可回收性和制备高灵敏选择性电极将是石墨烯材料修饰改性的研究热点。此外，石墨烯复合材料对一些有机污染物也有良好的吸附能力，制备能够吸附多类别污染物的净水剂也将成为石墨烯复合材料的一个主要研究方向。

关键词: 石墨烯, 复合材料, 吸附