Abstract: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is an important process to convert coal，natural gas and biomass into liquid fuel，and is a promising process for resolving the shortage of petroleum. Mild hydrocracking is an effective route to upgrade the heavy waxy hydrocarbons derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction into high value fuels，such as clean，high-quality diesel and jet fuel. In this paper，the recent advances in hydrocracking Fischer-Tropsch wax are reviewed. The mechanism of hydrocracking Fischer-Tropsch wax is introduced，the modeling of hydrocracking Fischer-Tropsch wax through lump and single-event kinetics is discussed，and the catalytic system as well as influence factors of the reaction are analyzed. Reactive distillation process can improve the selectivity of hydrocracking Fischer-Tropsch wax at a high conversion rate toward diesel. Apart from research and development of more effective catalysts，the study and application of Fischer-Tropsch wax hydrocracking reactive distillation process will have significant prospect.

Key words: Fischer-Tropsch wax, hydrocracking, kinetics, catalysts, reactive distillation

摘要： 通过F-T合成生产液体燃料是转化利用煤、天然气和生物质并解决石油短缺问题的一种有效途径，采用轻度加氢裂解F-T合成过程中产生的高沸点蜡油可以生产清洁优质的柴油和喷气燃料。本文对近年F-T合成蜡油加氢裂解的研究进展进行了综述，简要介绍了F-T合成蜡油加氢裂解的反应机理，讨论了集总动力学和单事件动力学在F-T合成蜡油加氢裂解中的应用情况，对F-T合成蜡加氢裂解催化剂体系以及反应影响因素进行了分析。反应精馏工艺可以提高F-T合成蜡加氢裂解高转化率时柴油的选择性，除了开发更高效的催化剂以外，F-T合成蜡油加氢裂解反应精馏的研究与应用将具有重大前景。

关键词: F-T合成蜡, 加氢裂解, 动力学, 催化剂, 反应精馏