Experimental investigation on single and successive droplet impacts on flowing liquid film

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1772

Abstract

Abstract:

Droplet impacts, widely observed in nature and industrial processes, often involve interaction between droplet and liquid film, coupled with the complex mass and heat transfer. An experimental setup for droplet impacts on flowing liquid film was designed and constructed enabling the generation of both single and successive droplets with high repeatability. By utilizing high-speed photography and image processing methods, the morphological characteristics of droplet impacts on flowing liquid film and inclined substrate were quantitatively analyzed. It was found that for the same film Reynolds number $R e f$ , the characteristics of the crown formed by droplet spreading varied significantly under different droplet Weber numbers $W e d$ . Notable asymmetry in the crown characteristics was observed upstream and downstream of the liquid film flow. In the case of successive droplet impacts, the spreading process of the crown formed by the second droplet was significantly accelerated, and the duration of the crown was shorter. Significant asymmetry was also observed in the dynamic evolution of successive droplet impacts on an inclined substrate, with a notable reduction in temperature at the impact point after the droplets impacting the heated substrate.

Key words: two-phase flow, successive droplet impacts, mass transfer, flowing liquid film, droplet generator, imaging, liquid crown spreading

摘要：

液滴撞击广泛存在于自然界和工业过程之中，且往往涉及液滴和液膜之间的相互作用，耦合复杂的传质传热机制。本文设计并搭建了液滴撞击流动液膜的实验装置，产生的单液滴和周期性多液滴的重复性良好。在此基础上，结合高速摄影和图像处理方法，对液滴撞击流动液膜以及倾斜基板的形态特征进行了量化分析。结果发现：单液滴撞击流动液膜时，当液膜雷诺数 $R e f$ 相同时，在不同液滴韦伯数 $W e d$ 下，液滴铺展形成的液冠特征有明显的不同，且在液膜流动的上下游，液冠特征具有明显的不对称性；多液滴撞击时，第二个液滴形成的液冠铺展过程明显加快，液冠的持续时间更短。连续液滴撞击倾斜基板的动态演变过程同样具有明显的不对称性，当液滴撞击加热基板后，撞击点的温度显著降低。

关键词: 两相流, 多液滴撞击, 传质, 流动液膜, 液滴发生器, 成像, 液冠铺展

CLC Number:

O353.4

DING Hongbing, CHAI Xutian, WANG Shiwei, SONG Xinyu, SUN Hongjun. Experimental investigation on single and successive droplet impacts on flowing liquid film[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(4): 1888-1897.

丁红兵, 柴旭天, 王世伟, 宋鑫宇, 孙宏军. 单液滴与多液滴撞击流动液膜的实验探究[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(4): 1888-1897.

Figures/Tables 16

针头孔径/mm	平均粒径/mm	SD/mm	CV/%
0.4	2.451	0.069	2.82
0.7	3.016	0.124	4.11
0.8	3.080	0.048	1.56
1.0	3.335	0.041	1.22
1.2	3.523	0.027	0.76

喷嘴孔径/mm	$f$ /Hz	$D t$ /mm	$D d ¯$ /mm	SD/10^-2mm	CV/%	相对误差/%
0.8	378	1.615	1.624	3.335	2.05	0.58
0.8	426	1.552	1.623	2.745	1.69	4.39
0.8	474	1.497	1.578	2.552	1.62	5.13
1.0	150	2.197	2.111	6.265	2.97	4.11
1.0	190	2.031	2.095	3.981	1.90	3.05
1.0	230	1.906	1.940	2.386	1.23	1.75
1.2	125	2.335	2.362	1.909	0.81	1.12
1.2	150	2.197	2.236	2.398	1.07	1.74
1.2	175	2.087	2.130	1.507	0.71	2.02

喷嘴孔径/mm	$f$ /Hz	$D t$ /mm	$D d ¯$ /mm	SD/10^-2mm	CV/%	相对误差/%
0.8	378	1.615	1.624	3.335	2.05	0.58
0.8	426	1.552	1.623	2.745	1.69	4.39
0.8	474	1.497	1.578	2.552	1.62	5.13
1.0	150	2.197	2.111	6.265	2.97	4.11
1.0	190	2.031	2.095	3.981	1.90	3.05
1.0	230	1.906	1.940	2.386	1.23	1.75
1.2	125	2.335	2.362	1.909	0.81	1.12
1.2	150	2.197	2.236	2.398	1.07	1.74
1.2	175	2.087	2.130	1.507	0.71	2.02

实验分组	D_d/mm	V_d/m·s^-1	Q_f/L·min^-1	V_f/m·s^-1	δ_f/mm	We_d	Re_f
扁平液冠	2.386	1.684	0.990	0.577	0.379	94	219
手指液冠	2.421	2.246	0.990	0.577	0.379	170	219
部分破碎液冠	2.380	2.526	0.990	0.577	0.379	211	219
完全破碎液冠	2.386	2.947	0.990	0.577	0.379	288	219

f/Hz	Q_S/mL·min^-1	D_d/mm	V_d/m·s^-1	Q_f/L·min^-1	V_f/m·s^-1	δ_f/mm	We_d	Re_f
421	50	1.557	2.907	0.990	0.577	0.379	183	219

$t f *$	$d s *$
0.08	0.611
0.20	1.608
0.36	2.309
0.60	2.864
1.04	3.598
1.08	3.555

$t f *$	$d s *$
0.08	0.611
0.20	1.608
0.36	2.309
0.60	2.864
1.04	3.598
1.08	3.555

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