Abstract:

The development of the fertilizer industry is changing from traditional fertilizers to new-type fertilizers. The use of fertilizers has played a major role in ensuring food security, but the traditional fertilizers have low utilization rates, large nutrient losses and increased environmental risks. Most fertilizer products cannot achieve precise nutrient supply according to the nutrient requirements of crops. The research, development and innovation of intelligent fertilizers provide an effective way to solve this problem, matching the nutrient needs of crops more accurately in time and space. This paper systematically reviewed the types, sources and response mechanisms of pH-responsive materials, discussed the influence of the chemical structure of pH-responsive materials on pH-responsive behaviors, put forward the viewpoints that pH-responsive materials could promote the mutual feedback between root and fertilizer, analyzed the prospects of pH-responsive materials' application in intelligent fertilizers, and further clarified the application potential, the future research directions and the challenges of integrating pH-responsive materials into the field of green intelligence fertilizer creation. Based on the concept of mutual feedback between root and fertilizer, and comprehensively considering pH-responsive materials and the acidification of crop rhizosphere, the paper highlighted the designs of pH-responsive materials as a connection between root exudates and intelligent fertilizers, and put forward an innovative idea of developing pH-responsive intelligent fertilizers. The article also pointed out that the mutual feedback between root and fertilizer was the key to enhance the synergistic effects between the nutrient release of fertilizers and the nutrient uptake of crops. It was proposed that the green intelligent fertilizer based on the mutual root-fertilizer feedback, matching crop nutrient demand and having environmental friendliness would become the development trend of new-type fertilizers in the future.

Key words: pH-responsive materials, polymers, chemical processes, gels, pH-responsive fertilizer, mutual feedback between root and fertilizer

摘要：

肥料行业的发展正从传统化肥向新型肥料转变。肥料使用在保障粮食安全方面发挥了重大作用，但传统肥料利用率低、养分损失大、环境风险加剧，大多数肥料产品不能按照作物的营养需求规律实现养分精准供应。而智能肥料的研发与创新为解决该问题提供了有效途径，在时空上更精准匹配作物对养分的需求。本文系统综述了pH响应材料的类型、来源及响应机理，探讨pH响应材料的化学结构对pH响应行为的影响，提出pH响应材料促进根肥互馈的观点，剖析pH响应材料在智能肥料中的应用前景，进一步明确pH响应材料在绿色智能肥料创制领域的应用潜力、未来的研究方向及面临的挑战。文章以根肥互馈理念为核心，综合考虑pH响应材料与作物根际酸化效应，设计并利用pH响应材料把根分泌物与智能肥料有机连接，提出开发pH响应肥料的创新思路，指出根肥互馈是协同肥料养分释放和作物养分吸收的关键，提出基于根肥互馈原理匹配作物养分需求规律且具有环境友好性的绿色智能肥料将成为新型肥料的发展趋势。

关键词: pH响应材料, 聚合物, 化学过程, 凝胶, pH响应肥料, 根肥互馈