Research progress of polyethyleneimine crosslinked polymer gel system in water-drive reservoirs

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0376

Abstract

Abstract:

Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is an environment-friendly and low toxic material. PEI and polymer crosslinked gel system has the advantages of controllable gelation time, high strength of mature gel, high-temperature resistance, long-time stability, and almost unaffected by minerals of reservoir. This paper reviewed the research of various polymer gel systems with PEI as crosslinker. The crosslinking mechanism and the characteristics of those gel systems were clarified. The influence of various factors on the gel system was analyzed. And, the methods to improve the gel performance and successful filed trial were listed, the methods to improve the crosslinking activity of gel system were emphatically analyzed. Finally, it was pointed out that polyacrylamide(PAM)/PEI gel system, as an environment-friendly system, had great application prospects in conformance control and water shutoff of medium and low temperature reservoirs, and it was suggested that the method and the corresponding mechanism of improving the crosslinking efficiency of PAM/PEI system should be studied more extensively and deeply to reduce the loading amount of polymer and crosslinker, and provided a theoretical basis and experimental basis for the promotion and application of this system.

Key words: polymers, gels, polyethyleneimine(PEI), crosslinker, viscosity, conformance control and water shutoff

摘要：

聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）是一种低毒性环保材料，它与聚合物交联的凝胶体系具有适用温度范围广、成胶时间可控、成胶后强度大、高温稳定时间长、几乎不受储层岩石矿物影响等优点。本文回顾了以PEI作为交联剂的各类凝胶体系的研究动态，阐明了PEI与各类聚合物的交联反应机理及其凝胶体系特点，分析了各类因素对凝胶性能的影响，并列举了改善凝胶性能的方法和成功的矿场应用实例，重点分析了提高凝胶体系交联活性的方法研究。最后，提出聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）/PEI凝胶体系作为环保型调驱体系在中低温油藏深部调控方面具有非常大的应用前景，应继续深入研究提高PAM/PEI凝胶体系交联效率的方法及其作用机理，以降低聚合物与交联剂用量，为这一体系的推广应用提供理论依据与实验基础。

关键词: 聚合物, 凝胶, 聚乙烯亚胺, 交联剂, 黏度, 调剖堵水

CLC Number:

TE39

WANG Kai, LUO Mingliang, LI Mingzhong, HUANG Feifei, PU Chunsheng, PU Jingyang, FAN Qiao. Research progress of polyethyleneimine crosslinked polymer gel system in water-drive reservoirs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(3): 1506-1523.

王凯, 罗明良, 李明忠, 黄飞飞, 蒲春生, 蒲景阳, 樊乔. 水驱油藏聚乙烯亚胺交联聚合物凝胶体系研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(3): 1506-1523.

Figures/Tables 20

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聚合物质量分数	分子量/10⁶g·mol^-1，HD/%	PEI质量分数 /%	分子量/10⁶ g·mol^-1，分枝度/%	初始黏度 /mPa·s	温度 /℃	成胶时间 /h	矿化度 /g·L^-1	参考文献
0.5% HPAM	M_w=5.1，HD=6.1	0.1	，；，	—	80	2~3	3.4	[58]
1%~2% HPAM	M_w=4~12，HD≤10	0.2~0.35	M_w=0.02	617	65	4~72	0.5	[53]
0.5%~1.5% HPAM	M_w=2~8，HD≤10	0.2~1.5	M_w=0.02	—	40	15~216	90	[28]
2% Alcomer130%/7% HPAM	M_w=0.25~0.5，HD≤7~57.8	0.3	M_w=0.07	—	120	0.5~0.75	—	[34]
2% HPAM	M_w=8，HD≤10	0.35	M_w=0.02	409	65	10	5	[53]
5% HPAM	—	0.33~3	—	—	25	8~13	0.2（KCl）	[34]
					60	1.5~6
0.75% HPAM	M_w=15，HD≤8	0.41	—	33	85	3	0.2（KCl）	[66]
3% HPAM	M_w=8，HD≤25~30	0.6~1.2	—	—	100	3.3	去离子水	[54]
3.5% HPAM	M_w=5~13，HD≤5~8	1	—	—	71.1	2.5	0.2（KCl）	[10]

聚合物质量分数	分子量/10⁶g·mol^-1，HD/%	PEI质量分数 /%	分子量/10⁶ g·mol^-1，分枝度/%	初始黏度 /mPa·s	温度 /℃	成胶时间 /h	矿化度 /g·L^-1	参考文献
0.5% HPAM	M_w=5.1，HD=6.1	0.1	，；，	—	80	2~3	3.4	[58]
1%~2% HPAM	M_w=4~12，HD≤10	0.2~0.35	M_w=0.02	617	65	4~72	0.5	[53]
0.5%~1.5% HPAM	M_w=2~8，HD≤10	0.2~1.5	M_w=0.02	—	40	15~216	90	[28]
2% Alcomer130%/7% HPAM	M_w=0.25~0.5，HD≤7~57.8	0.3	M_w=0.07	—	120	0.5~0.75	—	[34]
2% HPAM	M_w=8，HD≤10	0.35	M_w=0.02	409	65	10	5	[53]
5% HPAM	—	0.33~3	—	—	25	8~13	0.2（KCl）	[34]
					60	1.5~6
0.75% HPAM	M_w=15，HD≤8	0.41	—	33	85	3	0.2（KCl）	[66]
3% HPAM	M_w=8，HD≤25~30	0.6~1.2	—	—	100	3.3	去离子水	[54]
3.5% HPAM	M_w=5~13，HD≤5~8	1	—	—	71.1	2.5	0.2（KCl）	[10]

名称	化学结构	pK_a1	pK_a2	pK_a3	pK_a4	pK_a5
聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）	(CH₂CH₂NH) _n	4.5	6.7	11.6	—	—
低聚多胺
乙二胺（EDA）	H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	7.56	10.7	—	—	—
二乙烯三胺（DETA）	H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	4.42	9.21	10.02	—	—
三乙烯四胺（TETA）	H₂N-(CH₂-CH₂-NH)₂-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	3.32	6.67	9.2	9.92	—
四乙烯五胺（TEPA）	H₂N-(CH₂-CH₂-NH₂)₂-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	2.98	4.72	9.18	9.18	9.68
烷醇胺
乙醇胺（EA）	HO-CH₂-CH₂-HN₂	9.44	—	—	—	—
二乙醇胺（DEA）	(HO-CH₂-CH₂)₂NH	8.5	—	—	—	—
三乙醇胺（TEA）	(HO-CH₂-CH₂)₃N	7.8	—	—	—	—

名称	化学结构	pK_a1	pK_a2	pK_a3	pK_a4	pK_a5
聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）	(CH₂CH₂NH) _n	4.5	6.7	11.6	—	—
低聚多胺
乙二胺（EDA）	H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	7.56	10.7	—	—	—
二乙烯三胺（DETA）	H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	4.42	9.21	10.02	—	—
三乙烯四胺（TETA）	H₂N-(CH₂-CH₂-NH)₂-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	3.32	6.67	9.2	9.92	—
四乙烯五胺（TEPA）	H₂N-(CH₂-CH₂-NH₂)₂-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂	2.98	4.72	9.18	9.18	9.68
烷醇胺
乙醇胺（EA）	HO-CH₂-CH₂-HN₂	9.44	—	—	—	—
二乙醇胺（DEA）	(HO-CH₂-CH₂)₂NH	8.5	—	—	—	—
三乙醇胺（TEA）	(HO-CH₂-CH₂)₃N	7.8	—	—	—	—

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