Abstract:

The development of electrochemical energy storage technologies and the large-scale application of electric vehicles are critical for the reduction of carbon emissions. Lithium-ion batteries are the core components of electric energy storage technologies and electric vehicles with high energy density and long cycle life, yet their capacity is mainly limited by cathode materials. Ternary cathode materials have the advantages of light pollution, low cost, high performance and large capacity. However, the conventional wet chemistry and high-temperature solid-state methods are usually multi-step procedures and time-consuming, which are the major hurdlers for commercialization. The flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) method has attracted wide attention, given that it can produce ternary cathode materials in one step without waste produced during the synthesis process and thus has little impact on the environment. The present study reviewed the research progress in the preparation of ternary cathode materials by FSP method in recent years. Firstly, the history, advantages, basic principles and typical devices of FSP were briefly introduced. Secondly, the effects of precursor solution composition, synthesis temperature and annealing conditions on the composition, structure, morphology and electrochemical properties of ternary cathode materials were analyzed. Then, the recent research progress in the modification and deposition technologies of terpolymer cathode materials was briefly described. Finally, the future development trend of ternary cathode materials prepared by FSP was prospected.

Key words: flame spray pyrolysis, lithium-ion battery, ternary cathode material, electrochemical performance

摘要：

电化学储能技术的发展与电动汽车的大规模应用可有效降低碳排放；锂离子电池能量密度高，循环寿命长，是锂电储能技术与电动汽车的核心部件，其容量的提升主要受到正极材料的限制；锂离子电池三元正极材料具有污染小、成本低、性能高、容量大等方面的优点。传统液相法和高温固相法制备三元正极材料步骤烦琐、耗时长，不利于工业放大；火焰喷雾热解方法（flame spray pyrolysis，FSP）可一步制备三元正极材料，合成效率高，合成过程中无废液产生，对环境友好且易于工业化放大生产，近年来受到广泛关注。本文综述了近几年FSP方法制备三元正极材料的研究进展，首先简要介绍了FSP的发展简史、基本原理、典型装置和主要优势，其次展开分析了前体溶液组成、温度条件以及退火条件等制备条件对三元正极材料组成、结构、微观形貌以及电化学性能的影响，然后简述了FSP在三元正极材料改性和沉积技术方面的最新研究进展，最后展望了FSP制备三元正极材料的未来发展趋势。

关键词: 火焰喷雾热解, 锂离子电池, 三元正极材料, 电化学性能