Abstract: This article is aimed to summarize the latest worldwide research progress of polyurethane/ inorganic nanomaterial composites. The preparation methods，characteristics and analysis of major systems，including polyurethane/CNTs，polyurethane/graphene，polyurethane/nano-oxides and polyurethane/layered silicates were introduced respectively. The research trends of polyurethane/ nano-composite materials were also presented，i.e.，to further research preparation methods to make inorganic nanomaterial better nano-level dispersed in polyurethane base，to make the theoretical studies on microscopic interface and reaction mechanism of composite materials more in-depth，to further extend the optional types of inorganic nanomaterials，to develop the research fields of multiple composite system with excellent overall performance，and to simplify the complex system synthesis methods，so as to reduce production costs and accelerate the industrialization process of polyurethane composites.

Key words: polyurethane, composites, nanomaterials, dispersion

摘要： 阐述了近年国际国内在制备聚氨酯（PU）/无机纳米复合材料方面的研究进展情况，针对碳纳米管（CNTs）、石墨烯、氧化物纳米粒子、层状硅酸盐（PLS）等不同种类的无机纳米材料-聚氨酯复合体系研究重点、制备方法及性能特点进行了介绍，并对今后的研究应用方向和趋势做出了展望：将进一步研究无机纳米材料在聚氨酯基体具有更微观层次良好分散性的制备方法；复合材料微观相界面、反应机理方面的理论性研究将更为深入；无机纳米材料选择种类进一步延伸，拓展具有优异综合性能的多元复合体系研究领域；简化复合体系合成途径，降低生产成本，加快聚氨酯复合材料工业化进程。

关键词: 聚氨酯, 复合材料, 纳米材料, 分散