Abstract: A mild water-based cleaning agent with strong detergency on heavy oil foulant was successfully developed by choosing cheap，easily accessible and biodegradable surfactants as basic ingredients and tap water as solvent. Its key ingredients and the corresponding percentages were determined by orthogonal experiments，the percentage of the main active substance and the concentration of the as-prepared cleaning agent are as follows：sodium diethylhexylsulfosuccinate 4.4%，sodium alcohol ether sulphate 4.4%，alkyl polyglucoside 6.4%，cocoamidopropylbetaine 7.5%，and its detergency rate can reach 98.2% at 25℃. It was concluded that the comprehensive cleaning performance of the as-prepared cleaning agent is better than that of the commercial brand detergent 1 and the commercial brand detergent 2. Moreover，its pH is only 6.5 showing very weak acidity which is different from the traditional cleaning agent showing basic，and thus provides a new idea for the development of novel water-based cleaning agent with strong detergency on heavy oil foulant.

Key words: heavy oil foulant, surfactant, weakly acidic water-based cleaning agent, orthogonal experiment, detergency rate, heavy oil foulant, surfactant, weakly acidic water-based cleaning agent, orthogonal experiment, detergency rate

摘要： 采用廉价易得、易生物降解的工业表面活性剂为基本配方、自来水为溶剂，成功地研制出一种温和型高效稠油垢水基清洗剂。通过正交实验、主要活性物含量和清洗剂的浓缩等实验确定室温下其较优配方组成为：磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐4.4%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠4.4%、烷基糖苷6.4%和椰油酸胺丙基甜菜碱7.5%，其去污力高达98.2%。结果说明自制清洗剂的综合清洗性能略优于市售品牌清洗剂1和市售品牌清洗剂2；此外，其pH值为6.5，呈微弱酸性，这与市售品牌清洗剂偏碱性不同，为新型高效稠油垢水基清洗剂的配制提供了新的思路。

关键词: 稠油垢, 表面活性剂, 弱酸性水基清洗剂, 正交实验, 去污力, 稠油垢, 表面活性剂, 弱酸性水基清洗剂, 正交实验, 去污力