Abstract: Because the diffusion resistance of residual oil in the catalyst pore influences the catalytic reaction rate and the utilization of the catalysts，research on diffusion of residual oil in the catalyst pore is of great importance for guiding the hydrogenation catalyst design and improving the utilization of hydrogenation catalyst. This paper summarized the main research methods for studying the restricted diffusion of heavy oil in catalyst pore. The reaction-diffusion kinetic method using under reaction conditions is more practical than the diaphragm cell and adsorptive methods using under non-reaction conditions. The advances of the restrictive factor of heavy oil are also briefly discussed. The analysis of the materials used in diffusion showed that the Well-Defined and Uniform Pore-structure（WDUPS）model catalyst is an ideal porous material in the diffusion study.

Key words: heavy oil, intraparticle diffusion, restricted diffusion, restrictive factor

摘要： 随着常规石油资源日趋紧张和原油重质化，重油加氢处理过程越来越受到重视。由于重油分子在催化剂孔道中的受限扩散阻力影响着催化加氢反应速率和催化剂的利用率，因此研究重油分子在催化剂孔道中的内扩散行为及规律对指导加氢催化剂优化设计和加氢催化剂有效利用具有重大意义。本文介绍了重油分子孔内受限扩散研究的膜池法、吸附-扩散法和扩散-反应动力学法，指出相较于膜池法和吸附-扩散法，由扩散-反应动力学法研究所得结果更能反映在反应条件下重油孔内的受限扩散行为及规律，具有更广泛的应用价值；并简述了重油分子孔内扩散受限因子的研究进展，分析了用于重油孔内扩散行为及规律研究的多孔材料，指出孔结构均一的模型催化剂是一种利于扩散研究的理想多孔材料。

关键词: 重油, 孔内扩散, 受限扩散, 受限因子