Abstract:

Energy saving and transportation increase of heavy oil are urgent needs to solve the problem of conventional crude oil depletion and to ensure the replacement of crude oil. However, the high viscosity of heavy oil and strong adhesion of flow channel make its transportation extremely difficult, which is a bottleneck of energy saving and efficiency increasing transportation technology of heavy oil. In our previous study, we found that the viscosity reduction of heavy oil by emulsification under the action of active water, at the same time, changing the characteristics of fluid solid interface between heavy oil and pipe wall. And according to the idea of improving recovery efficiency of heavy oil - wetting reversal of wettability, a new idea of viscosity reduction by emulsification and fluid solid interface wetting coupling is proposed. Based on the systematic analysis of the relevant research results at home and abroad, the effectiveness of viscosity reduction, fluid solid interface wetting and its coupling drag reduction of heavy oil are going to be discussed. The main problems existing in the coupling resistance reduction of emulsification/wetting of active water are analyzed. And the feasibility of emulsification/wetting coupling drag reduction in heavy oil pipeline transportation will be theoretically analyzed. The results show that the idea of emulsion/wetting drag reduction is feasible theoretically, and it is easier to implement the wetting inversion of the solid interface of pipeline transportation while emulsification and viscosity reduction under the action of surfactant. However, the practical application of emulsification/wetting drag reduction is not fully understood, and the related scientific problems need to be further studied. It is expected to understand the influence of fluid solid interface characteristics on flow resistance and to solve the problem of flow resistance of heavy oil flow in pipeline transportation, which provides theoretical and technical support for heavy oil flow improvement. And it has a broad application prospect in energy saving and efficiency increasing of heavy oil pipeline transportation.

Key words: heavy oil transportation, emulsification viscosity reduction, wettability alteration, coupling drag reduction

摘要：

稠油节能增输是解决常规原油日渐枯竭、保障原油接替的紧迫需求，然而稠油黏度高、流道黏附性强，使其输送异常困难，是稠油节能增效输送技术瓶颈。根据前期研究本文作者发现，活性水作用下稠油乳化降黏的同时可改变稠油与管内壁界面特性，以及稠油提高采收率——润湿性之润湿反转，提出管输稠油乳化降黏及其流固界面润湿耦合作用流动减阻新思路。本文基于国内外相关研究成果的系统分析，探讨稠油乳化降黏、流固界面润湿及耦合减阻的有效性，剖析活性水作用乳化/润湿耦合减阻存在的主要问题，理论分析稠油在管输过程中实现乳化/润湿耦合减阻的可行性。结果表明，乳化/润湿减阻思路在理论上是可行的，而且在表面活性剂作用下乳化降黏的同时管输流固界面润湿反转更容易实施，然而，乳化/润湿减阻实际应用缺乏充分认识尚需深入研究其相关科学问题；其深入研究有望理解与认识流固界面特性对流动阻力的影响作用，可解决管输稠油流动阻力之难题，将为稠油流动改进提供理论与技术支撑，在稠油管输节能增效方面具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 稠油输送, 乳化降黏, 润湿反转, 耦合减阻