Abstract:

Membrane technology for carbon capture is vital to achieve the goal of carbon emission reduction, but limited by the material, the separation performance of membrane materials has upper bound. Amine-based materials can react reversibly with CO₂ and dramatically improve the separation performance of membrane materials, and are often introduced into membrane systems as carriers to facilitate mass transfer. In this paper, the mechanism of promoting the mass transfer of CO₂ by amine-rich membrane was introduced, and the four types of methods (coating, reaction, grafting and doping) for introducing amine-rich materials into the membrane matrix were summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of the four types of methods were analyzed and the performance of the four types of methods for preparing separation membranes was summarized. This paper showed that the mechanism of amine-based materials for CO₂ mass transfer needed to be further explored. It was emphasized that the development of materials with high amino density and the introduction of amino materials into membrane matrix in a more firm way were the future key development directions. The utilization of machine learning to improve the efficiency of membrane material design had guided the development of the field. This work indicated that the performance stability of amine-based membrane materials, equipment stability and process stability under real operating conditions were areas of concern, and that the establishment of a complete amine-based membrane method CO₂ capture technology chain still faced huge challenges.

Key words: mass transfer, CO₂ capture, separation, membranes, flue gas, amine-rich materials

摘要：

膜法碳捕集是实现双碳目标的重要途径，但受限于材料本身，膜材料的分离性能存在上限。胺基材料可以和CO₂发生可逆反应，能够显著提高膜材料的分离性能，常被作为促进传质的载体引入到膜体系。本文介绍了胺基材料促进CO₂传质的机理，重点归纳了胺基材料引入到膜体系的4类方法（涂覆法、反应法、接枝法、掺杂法）及制备膜材料的性能，并分析其优势与不足。本文指出胺基材料促进CO₂传质机理需要进一步探索，强调开发高胺基密度的膜材料和以更加“牢固”的方式将胺基材料引入膜体系是领域未来需重点发展的方向，利用机器学习提高膜材料设计效率对该领域发展具有指导意义。分析表明真实工况下胺基膜材料的性能稳定性、设备稳定性以及工艺稳定性是值得关注的研究领域，建立完整的胺基膜法CO₂捕集技术链仍面临巨大挑战。

关键词: 传质, 二氧化碳捕集, 分离, 膜, 烟道气, 胺基材料