Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is an important supplement to the energy needed for human survival and development. The development and utilization of hydrogen energy industry, especially hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, has attracted extensive attention all over the world. However, one of the key factors determining the rapid development of the industry is a clean source of hydrogen, which makes the hydrogen energy industry more economical and environmentally competitive. Using renewable energy to generate hydrogen by water electrolysis and storing energy in the form of chemical energy, not only can renewable energy be used to produce hydrogen with high caloric value, but also clean renewable energy can be used from the source of hydrogen production to reduce carbon emission. This paper analyzes and discusses the coupling of renewable energy power generation such as wind, light and water with water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, describes the current research progress of green hydrogen energy production projects utilizing renewable energy power generation at home and abroad, and introduces some typical clean hydrogen production cases. The paper points out that wind power and solar hydrogen production are relatively mature technologies at present, but their economic competitiveness still needs to be improved. However, the uneven distribution of hydropower resources hindered its large-scale development. Therefore, the government, enterprises and research institutes need to vigorously promote the research on hydrogen production from renewable energy power generation, effectively solve the problem of energy consumption and accelerate the development of hydrogen energy industry.

Key words: hydrogen energy, water electrolysis, renewable energy, wind power, photovoltaic, hydropower

摘要：

氢能是人类生存和发展所需能源的重要补充。氢能产业，特别是氢燃料电池车，其开发与利用已经引起了全球范围内的普遍重视。然而，决定该产业快速发展的关键因素之一是清洁的氢气来源，如何使氢能产业更具经济环保竞争力。通过可再生能源发电电解水制氢将能量以化学能的形式储存起来，不仅能利用可再生能源制取高热值的氢气供使用，同时从制氢源头利用清洁的可再生能源可有效减少碳排放。为此，本文主要分析讨论了可再生能源发电与电解水制氢技术的耦合制取氢气的发展现状与发展趋势，简述了目前国内外利用可再生能源发电制取氢气项目的研究进展，并介绍了一些典型的清洁制氢案例。可以看到，风电、太阳能制氢是目前较为成熟的技术，但仍需提升其经济竞争力。而水电资源分布不均等缺点阻碍了其规模化发展。因此，政府、企业及科研院所需大力推进可再生能源发电制氢研究，有效解决氢能制备的效率问题，加速绿色氢能产业发展。

关键词: 氢能, 电解水, 可再生能源, 风电, 光伏, 水电