Abstract:

With the rapid development of propane dehydrogenation for the production of propylene, it is urgent to develop a new generation of high-performance catalysts. In this review, recent progresses of supported Pt nanoclusters, metal oxides, and carbon materials in propane dehydrogenation are discussed. The dispersion and stability of Pt nanoclusters are the key factors affecting the dehydrogenation performance. The catalytic activity of Pt nanoclusters can be improved by developing new synthesis techniques and adjusting the properties of supports. The unsaturated metal cations in metal oxides are the active sites for dehydrogenation reaction. The catalytic activity can be significantly improved by adjusting the properties of supports, optimizing the preparation methods, and structural doping. The oxygen-containing functional groups in carbon materials are considered to be active sites for propane dehydrogenation reaction. The catalytic performance of carbon materials can be enhanced by tuning the surface area, pore property, and the number of oxygen-containing functional groups. Future studies should be focused on improving the anti-resistant ability of Pt nanoclusters, enhancing the intrinsic activity of oxides, and increasing the thermal-stability of carbon materials, which leads to breakthroughs in the development of propane dehydrogenation catalyst.

Key words: alkane, catalyst, dehydrogenation, structure-activity relationship, stability

摘要：

丙烷脱氢产业的迅猛发展亟需研发新一代高性能催化剂。本综述阐述了近年来新型负载型Pt纳米簇、金属氧化物和碳材料在丙烷脱氢反应中的研究进展。文章指出：Pt纳米簇的分散性和稳定性是决定其脱氢性能的关键因素；通过发展新合成技术和调节载体性质能改进其催化活性。金属氧化物中不饱和金属阳离子是脱氢反应的活性位点；调节载体的性质、优化制备方法以及结构掺杂都可显著提高其催化活性。碳材料中的含氧官能团被认为是丙烷脱氢反应的活性中心；对碳材料的比表面积、孔道性质及含氧官能团的数量等参数进行合理调控，能改善其催化性能。最后，文章提出未来的研究将重点解决Pt纳米簇的抗烧结性能弱、氧化物的本征活性低、碳材料高温稳定性差的问题，实现该领域的重大突破。

关键词: 烷烃, 催化剂, 脱氢, 构-效关系, 稳定性