Abstract:

Atmospheric and vacuum units are one of the most important components of refining and chemical enterprises. Not only their energy consumption is related to the total energy consumption of the entire process, but also the yield and quality of sideline products have a significant impact on downstream processes. At present, there are relatively few researches on the influence of atmospheric and vacuum equipment on the net profit. This paper uses Aspen process simulation software and related components to simulate the tower equipment and heat exchange network. Based on the optimization of other process parameters, the influence of the ratio of heat taken in the middle section of the high temperature position of the atmospheric tower and the vacuum tower on the sideline product yield, heat exchanger maintenance and depreciation costs, circulating water costs and fuel oil costs is analyzed. The results show that the ratio of heat extraction in the middle of the high temperature position is positively correlated with heat exchanger maintenance and depreciation costs, but negatively correlated with light oil extraction rate, circulating water costs and fuel oil costs. Based on the above analysis results, it is determined that increasing the proportion of heat extraction from line-two's from 33.1% to 38.1%, and reducing the proportion of heat extraction from vacuum distilation column 3 from 40% to 35.4%, can further increase the net profit of refining and chemical enterprises by 146 million yuan per year. It provides a theoretical basis for enterprises to further improve production efficiency.

Key words: petroleum, distillation, simulation, economy

摘要：

常减压装置是炼化企业最重要的组成部分之一，不仅其用能情况关乎全套工艺流程的总能耗，而且其侧线产品收率和品质对下游工艺具有举足轻重的影响。目前常减压装置取热比例对净利润影响的研究相对较少，本文借助Aspen流程模拟软件及其相关组件对塔设备和换热网络进行模拟，在其他工艺参数优化的基础上，分析了常压塔和减压塔的高温位中段取热比例对侧线产品收率、换热器维护及折旧费用、循环水费用以及燃料油费用的影响。结果表明高温位中段取热比例与换热器维护和折旧费用呈正相关，而与轻油拔出率、循环水费用以及燃料油费用呈负相关。通过以上分析结果确定了将常二中取热比例从33.1%提高到38.1%，减三中取热比例从40%降低到35.4%，可以使得炼化企业的净利润进一步提高1.46亿元/年，为企业进一步提高生产效益提供了理论基础。

关键词: 石油, 蒸馏, 模拟, 经济