Preparation and applications of mesoporous carbon spheres via combination of hydrothermal and soft-templating

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0612

Abstract

Abstract:

Mesoporous carbon spheres integrate the advantages of carbon materials with spherical colloids, including excellent fluidity, dispersity, conductivity and the controllability of their particle sizes and pore sizes, making them able to be applied in biology, catalysis, adsorption and electrochemistry. Recently, hydrothermal/soft-templating method, as a promising way to prepare mesoporous carbon spheres, is widely reported. The spherical morphology and mesoporous structure can be controlled through hydrothermal carbonization and soft template, respectively. This review presented the preparation of mesoporous carbon spheres and the control of its pore size and particle size by using hydrothermal carbonization and soft template together. Moreover, the modification and application of mesoporous carbon spheres were covered. The selection of carbon precursor, soft template and solvent were also summarized, and the perspectives of its research directions on various applications were proposed.

Key words: mesoporous carbon spheres, soft-template, hydrothermal, preparation, application

摘要：

介孔炭球兼具炭材料以及球状胶体的优点，即优异的流动性、分散性、导电性以及可调控的孔径大小和粒径尺寸，使其在生物、催化、吸附分离和电化学等领域展示出良好应用前景。近年来，水热-软模板法作为一种有效的制备介孔炭球的方法被广泛报道，它通过水热实现球形结构的控制并借助软模板实现对介孔的调控。本文综述了水热-软模板法制备介孔炭球的最新进展，包括其结构与形貌的调控、改性和其应用。对如何选取碳源、软模板和溶剂等问题进行了总结并展望了其在各应用中的发展方向。

关键词: 介孔炭球, 软模板, 水热, 制备, 应用

CLC Number:

O648

Zhenwei WU, Wei LI, Lei E, Jiaming SUN, Yushan LIU, Shouxin LIU. Preparation and applications of mesoporous carbon spheres via combination of hydrothermal and soft-templating[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(2): 932-948.

吴振威, 李伟, 鄂雷, 孙佳明, 刘禹衫, 刘守新. 水热-软模板法制备介孔炭球及其应用[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(2): 932-948.

Figures/Tables 16

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碳源	模板	催化剂	水热温度 /℃	水热时间 /h	形貌	改性	应用	参考文献
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	HCl	150	10	实心	Se	锂电池	[20]
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127、FC4	HCl	100	24	实心	N	氧还原反应	[21]
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	HCl	120	12	实心	Fe、N	氧还原反应	[22]
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	NaOH	180	4	实心	—	超级电容器	[23]
间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAB	NH₄OH	100	24	壳核	N	直接甲醇燃料电池	[24]
间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAB	NH₄OH	100	24	壳核	—	超级电容器	[25]
间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAB	NH₄OH	80	24	中空	—	超级电容器	[26]
酚醛树脂	F127	NaOH	130	10	实心	Fe₃O₄	锂电池	[27]
酚醛树脂	F127	NaOH	130	24	实心	—	细胞透性	[28]
三聚氰胺、间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	NaOH	180	7	实心	N、石墨烯	超级电容器	[29]
三聚氰胺、间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAC	NH₄OH	100	24	壳核	N	超级电容器	[30]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和甲醛	油酸	NH₄OH	100~160	4	中空	Fe、Ag	催化	[31]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和甲醛	油酸钠	NH₄OH	140	4	壳核	Cu	催化	[32]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	2	中空	Pt、Co	催化	[33]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	5	壳核	Pd	催化	[34]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	8	中空	Fe、N	氧还原反应	[35]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	8	中空	N、石墨烯	氧还原反应	[36]
葡萄糖	SDS	—	250	5	中空	Ni	析氢反应	[37]
D-果糖	F127	—	130	24	实心	—	超级电容器	[38]
α-环糊精	F127	—	200	6	壳核	—	锂电池	[39]

碳源	模板	催化剂	水热温度 /℃	水热时间 /h	形貌	改性	应用	参考文献
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	HCl	150	10	实心	Se	锂电池	[20]
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127、FC4	HCl	100	24	实心	N	氧还原反应	[21]
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	HCl	120	12	实心	Fe、N	氧还原反应	[22]
间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	NaOH	180	4	实心	—	超级电容器	[23]
间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAB	NH₄OH	100	24	壳核	N	直接甲醇燃料电池	[24]
间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAB	NH₄OH	100	24	壳核	—	超级电容器	[25]
间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAB	NH₄OH	80	24	中空	—	超级电容器	[26]
酚醛树脂	F127	NaOH	130	10	实心	Fe₃O₄	锂电池	[27]
酚醛树脂	F127	NaOH	130	24	实心	—	细胞透性	[28]
三聚氰胺、间苯二酚和甲醛	F127	NaOH	180	7	实心	N、石墨烯	超级电容器	[29]
三聚氰胺、间苯二酚和甲醛	CTAC	NH₄OH	100	24	壳核	N	超级电容器	[30]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和甲醛	油酸	NH₄OH	100~160	4	中空	Fe、Ag	催化	[31]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和甲醛	油酸钠	NH₄OH	140	4	壳核	Cu	催化	[32]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	2	中空	Pt、Co	催化	[33]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	5	壳核	Pd	催化	[34]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	8	中空	Fe、N	氧还原反应	[35]
2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和环六亚甲基四氨	P123和油酸钠	NH⁴⁺	160	8	中空	N、石墨烯	氧还原反应	[36]
葡萄糖	SDS	—	250	5	中空	Ni	析氢反应	[37]
D-果糖	F127	—	130	24	实心	—	超级电容器	[38]
α-环糊精	F127	—	200	6	壳核	—	锂电池	[39]

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