Abstract:

This reviews introduces various types of adsorption materials for air and water pollution treatment, and elaborates the latest research progress on "enhanced enrichment/catalytic degradation" integrated composites in environmental governance. Through comparison, although the adsorption materials are cheap, stable and easy to operate, and it has good adsorption performance for waste water and exhaust gas, and the adsorption capacity can be further improved by certain modification methods. However, it has been limited due to the low adsorption capacity, extremely easy to saturate, frequent material replacement, and easy to cause secondary pollution after adsorption saturation. Catalytic technology is the catalytic oxidation of these pollutants into small inorganic molecules such as CO₂ and H₂O, which is cheap, no secondary pollution, high purification rate, and low energy consumption. Combining adsorption with catalytic technology, it can be found that the addition of adsorption materials has successfully improved the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst, which can solve the disadvantages of adsorption technology while retaining the advantages of catalytic technology. It is one of the most promising methods to deal with these pollutants.

Key words: micro-nano materials, adsorption, catalysis, multifunction, optimization, environmental remediation

摘要：

介绍了处理空气和水体污染的各类吸附材料，并阐述了目前在环境治理中“强化富集/催化降解”一体化复合材料的最新研究进展。本文通过对比发现，尽管吸附材料价格便宜、稳定且易操作，对于废水和废气具有较好的吸附性能，且吸附能力可以通过一定的改性方法进一步提升，但存在吸附量低极易饱和、材料更换比较频繁、吸附饱和后容易造成二次污染等缺点，而催化技术是将这些污染物催化氧化成CO₂和H₂O等无机小分子，价格便宜、无二次污染、净化率高、能耗低。通过将吸附与催化技术相结合，可以发现吸附材料的加入成功提升了催化剂的催化效率，既可以解决吸附技术的缺点，同时保留催化技术的优点，是目前处理这些污染物最有前景的方法之一。

关键词: 微纳材料, 吸附（作用）, 催化（作用）, 多功能, 优化, 环境修复