Abstract:

In order to better recover the available resource in oily sludge, domestic and foreign oily sludge resource treatment methods are constantly updated and breakthrough, and better treatment results have been achieved in laboratory experimental research stage. In this paper, the research progress, advantages and disadvantages as well as applicable conditions of oily sludge resource treatment methods such as pyrolysis, microwave and extraction were reviewed from three aspects, namely, high temperature heat treatment method, normal temperature method and low temperature freezing-thawing method. The oil recovery rate of pyrolysis method is 95.8%, which is characterized by complete disposal of oily sludge and high recovery quality of oil. The electro-dynamic method can reduce the oily sludge by 44.3%, and the flotation method can reduce the oily sludge by 95%. Both methods have the characteristics of simple operation, easy implementation, and suitable for mass processing, which have great potential for engineering application. Because of the different sources and properties of oily sludge, it is difficult to achieve the goal of resource recovery and harmlessness of a large amount of oily sludge by using a single technology. The combination of multiple technologies, such as pyrolysis combined flotation method or electrodynamic method, can improve the recovery and quality of oil, reduce the residual oil rate and treatment cost, and will become the development direction of oily sludge resource treatment technology.

Key words: oily sludge, resource, soil remediation, temperature

摘要：

为更好地回收含油污泥（即油泥）中可用资源，国内外油泥资源化处理方法不断更新和突破，并在室内实验研究阶段取得较好的处理效果。本文从油泥的高温热处理法、常温法、低温冻融法三个方面综述了热解、微波、萃取等油泥资源化处理方法的研究进展、优缺点以及适用条件等。热解法油品回收率达95.8%，具有油泥处置彻底、油品回收质量高的特点。电动力学法处理油泥，油泥减量化达44.3%，采用浮选法，油泥减量化达95%，两种方法均具有操作简单、易实施、适合大批量处理的特点，工程化应用潜力较大。油泥来源不同，性质各异，采用单一技术难以实现大量油泥的资源化和无害化目标。多项技术联合，如热解法联合浮选法或电动力学法处理大规模油泥能提高油品回收率和质量，降低残油率和处理成本，将成为油泥资源化处理技术的发展方向。

关键词: 含油污泥, 资源化, 土壤修复, 温度