Abstract:

The preparation of superhydrophobic surface is one of the hotspots in the field of materials. With the development of research, the principle of superhydrophobic materials is almost clear, and the research for practical has begun to be paid attention to. Simplifying the preparation process, reducing the cost of materials, prolonging the service life and improving the abrasion performance and weather resistance of the surface become the key to the application of superhydrophobic materials. Superhydrophobic materials can be obtained by controlling the composition and morphology of polymers. Among the usual method, phase separation technology is one of the most possible for application because of its simplicity. Although phase separation technology is applied in the field of superhydrophobic surfaces for a long time, there are relatively few special reviews on this technology. This paper summarizes the polymer phase separation technology used for preparing superhydrophobic surfaces, and the future research directions are prospected.

Key words: preparation, separation, polymers, superhydrophobic

摘要：

具有超疏水表面的聚合物可应用于自清洁、抗结冰、抗黏附、防腐蚀和油水分离等诸多领域。随着研究的深入，超疏水材料的原理逐渐清晰，实用性研究越来越受到重视，简化制备工艺，降低原材料成本，延长使用寿命，提高表面的耐磨性、耐候性，成为超疏水材料获得应用的关键。在诸多超疏水表面制备方法中，聚合物相分离技术操作简单易行、原材料成本低廉，因此具备很高的应用潜力，是超疏水材料重要的应用方法。虽然相分离技术在超疏水表面制备中的应用由来已久，但针对这一技术的总结论述却相对较少，本文综述和归纳了通过聚合物相分离技术制备超疏水表面的方法，介绍了相关应用，并总结了超疏水材料在研究中存在的对耐环境性能重视不足、缺乏系统性评价方法等问题，认为聚合物相分离技术对提升超疏水材料的实用性意义重大。

关键词: 制备, 分离, 聚合物, 超疏水