Abstract:

Charge control agent (CCA), as an important additive in toner to change the charging characteristics of the toner and the rate of electrification to complete the printing, has drawn more and more attentions. This review summarized the development history of typical CCA used in toners. According to the difference in electrical properties, CCA can be divided into positive CCA and negative CCA. The traditional positively charged CCA includes aniline black and quaternary ammonium salt. The aniline black cannot be applied to color printing because of its own color while the quaternary ammonium salt is the most commonly used positively charged CCA because of its simple synthesis and light color. Negative CCA includes azo metal complex and tert-butylsalicylic acid metal complex, where in the latter has become the most widely used traditional CCA due to its stable charge, good dispersibility in the resin and colorlessness. In recent years, no metal-complex type CCA has become a hot research topic due to the instability of high temperature for metal complex type CCA. In addition, biomaterial-based CCA and CCA synthesized by polymerization have drawn more attention due to the demand for environmental concern and high image quality. All over the world, the Oriental Chemical Industry Company (Japan), Baotu Valley Chemical Industry Company (Japan) and Hubei Dinglong Chemical Company (China) are the three largest CCA producers. Two Japanese companies have more than 80% of the world's share. The research and development of high quality imaging information chemicals in China is still an important task, such as how to solve the problem of high cost for the CCA without metal ions and to develop price-competitive, colorless, and fully charged CCA.

Key words: charge control agent, charge amount, metal organic complex, polymers

摘要：

电荷调节剂（charge control agent，CCA）作为一种重要的改变墨粉带电特性与起电速率的添加剂，逐渐受到研究者们越来越多的重视。本文针对目前墨粉所用的几类传统电荷调节剂的发展历程进行了总结。文中指出按照电性的不同，CCA可分为正电性与负电性两大类。在传统CCA中，正电性CCA包括苯胺黑类与季铵盐类，前者由于本身具有颜色无法应用到彩色打印中，而季铵盐类因其合成简单、色彩较浅等优势是目前使用最多的正电性CCA。负电性CCA包括偶氮金属络合物类与叔丁基水杨酸金属络合物类，其中后者因其带电量稳定、在树脂中分散性好且无色的优点成为目前应用最广泛的传统CCA。近年来，金属络合物型CCA由于在高温状态下不稳定的缺点使结构中不含金属离子的新型CCA成为研究的热点。此外，由于对环境无害及高画质的要求提高，生物基材料型CCA与通过聚合反应合成的CCA应用也越来越普及。在世界范围内，日本的东方化学工业株式会社、保土谷化学工业株式会社与中国湖北鼎龙化学股份有限公司是最大的3个CCA生产商，而前两家公司目前占据全球80%以上的份额，因此研究发展高端显像信息化学品仍然是我国墨粉行业的重要任务。文章针对未来如何解决不含金属离子的电荷调节剂合成成本过高的问题，指出发展更具价格竞争力、带电性能充分、对环境无害、面向彩色打印的无色电荷调节剂将成为电荷调节剂发展的新趋势。

关键词: 电荷调节剂, 带电量, 金属有机络合物, 聚合物