Abstract: Fracturing technology is very important for improving the production capacity of the low permeability reservoir, and the recovery of oil and gas wells. The fracturing fluids are the key factors to affect the fracturing effect.Gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids have become the key items in the development of new generation clean fracturing fluids, for its excellent utilization property compared with the water base plant fracturing fluid and traditional clean fracturing fluids with single-tailed surfactant as viscosifier. The recent advances in the preparation, performance and application of gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids were reviewed in this paper. Different gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids, including cationic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids, anionic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids, zwitterionic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids are compared, and the applications of gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids in oilfield are also discussed. Cationic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids could be applied in medium-high temperature oilfields with the advantage of mature preparation methods and good anti-temperature property, the disadvantage of cationic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids is high cost. Anionic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids has the advantage of lower damage to reservoir permeability and stratum adsorption amount of surfactant, the disadvantage of anionic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids is harsh reaction conditions and medium anti-temperature property, so it could be applied in medium-low temperature oilfields. The zwitterionic gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids has high anti-temperature property, but it is difficult to apply because of the complex preparation process and high cost. From the view of preparation, performance and practical applications, the research perspective of gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids was outlined in the end of this paper, which are the development of low-cost methods and the preparation and application of gemini surfactant clean fracturing fluids with high anti-temperature.

Key words: gemini surfactant, clean fracturing fluid, oilfield, preparation, performance

摘要： 压裂技术是提高低渗透油气藏生产能力和油气井采收率的重要手段，而压裂液是影响压裂效果的关键因素。相较于水基植物胶压裂液和以单链表面活性剂为稠化剂的传统清洁压裂液，双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液在耐温、携砂和保护油气层等使用性能上更具优势，是新一代清洁压裂液发展重点。本文综述了双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液制备、性能及应用的研究进展，分析比较了阳离子双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液、阴离子双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液、两性双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液等的优缺点，讨论了双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液在油田领域的应用现状：阳离子双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液的制备方法成熟，耐温性能较好，可以应用于中高温油田，但是其生产成本较高；阴离子双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液能有效减少表面活性剂在地层的吸附损失，降低储层渗透率伤害，但是其合成条件苛刻，耐温性不高，适用于中低温油田；两性双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂溶液的耐温性好，但是其制备过程繁琐、成本高，难以大规模推广应用。对双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液的研究前景进行了展望：发展低成本的合成方法及耐高温双子表面活性剂类清洁压裂液的制备及应用。

关键词: 双子表面活性剂, 清洁压裂液, 油田, 制备, 性能