Abstract: Around the Paris Agreement formally went into effective, many oil companies were active in taking action on climate change. The major international oil companies to take the idea of reducing emissions, the proposed carbon dioxide emission reduction strategies and specific practices were analyzed and summed up in this article. Oil companies were very careful about the issue of carbon dioxide emission. It was wise to take necessary steps to meet emission requirement at the same time to reduce the impact on the main business. They skillfully combined the business development strategy and emission reduction target together in order to highlight the various ways of reducing carbon dioxide emission, to focus on energy saving, alternative low carbon energy, the development of carbon dioxide capture and utilization and so on. The analysis concluded that first of all, these strategies could not only help meet the goal of emission reduction for oil and gas companies, but also facilitate the related industry in the value chain and consumers to realize the emission reduction effect by providing low carbon energy, products and services. Second, the implementation of a diversified strategies can reduce risk. Third, the combination of climate change and long-term development of enterprises to deal with the top strategy to speed up technological innovation was to reduce the cost of emission reduction and to achieve the key of reducing emissions.

Key words: carbon dioxide, emission reduction, oil, energy conservation, low carbon energy, CO₂ capture

摘要： 在《巴黎协定》正式生效的前后，很多大石油公司积极表态将为气候变化采取行动。本文分析了主要的国际大石油公司采取的减排思路，总结了这些公司提出的二氧化碳减排策略和具体做法。文中指出石油公司对于二氧化碳减排都很慎重，既要选择能产生实质减排效果的途径，又要尽可能降低对主营业务的影响。因此在业务发展战略与减排战略之间寻找连接和平衡，突出多元化的二氧化碳减排途径，把重点聚焦在进一步加强节能降耗、有选择地发展低碳能源、推进二氧化碳的捕获和综合利用等方面。分析结果认为，首先，这些措施不仅能实现自身业务运营过程中的减排，还能通过提供清洁低碳能源、产品和服务推动社会相关部门以及消费者实现间接减排；其次，实施多样化的减排策略组合可以降低风险；第三，将应对气候变化与企业长远发展的顶层战略相结合，加快技术创新，是降低减排成本、实现减排效果的关键。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 减排, 石油, 节能, 低碳能源, 二氧化碳捕集