新型多降液管塔板的流体力学性能及其流场CFD模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0480

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开发了一种流场均匀且液相处理能力大的新型多降液管塔板。本文以水和空气为介质，在内径1219mm的有机玻璃塔内，研究了新型多降液管塔板的流体力学性能。结果表明，在相同气液负荷下，相较于弓形降液管塔板，新型多降液管塔板具有湿板压降低、雾沫夹带量小和漏液少等优点。同时新型多降液管塔板继承了多降液管（MD）塔板液相负荷高的特点，在空塔动能因子2.4(m/s)·(kg/m³)^0.5的条件下，全塔喷淋密度仍可高达80m³/(m²·h)。对塔板上液相流场的流体流动特性进行了计算流体力学（CFD）分析，并将模拟结果与MD塔板进行对比。结果表明，新型多降液管塔板降液管的结构和排布方式使得塔板上液体流动更加均匀，预期可以获得更高的塔板效率。

关键词: 多降液管塔板, 流场均匀性, 流体力学性能, CFD模拟

Abstract:

A novel multiple downcomer tray with uniform flow field and large liquid phase processing capacity was developed. The hydrodynamic performances of the novel tray were experimentally investigated with an air-water system in a plexiglass column with an inner diameter of 1219mm. The results showed that under the same gas-liquid load, compared with the segmental downcomer tray, the novel tray had the advantages of lower wet plate pressure, smaller entrainment and less weeping. At the same time, the novel tray had the merits of large liquid phase capacity of multi-downcomer (MD) tray, the highest spray density reached 80m³/(m²·h) under the condition of an empty tower kinetic energy factor of 2.4(m/s)·(kg/m³)^0.5. The characterizations of the on-tray liquid phase flow field were analyzed via computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation, and the results were compared with those of the conventional MD tray. It was inferred that the downcomer structure and arrangement of the novel tray led to the uniform liquid flow field and a higher tray efficiency was expected.

Key words: multiple downcomer tray, flow field uniformity, hydrodynamic performances, CFD simulation

中图分类号:

TQ053.5

尹洪贺, 沈绍传, 齐亮, 姚克俭. 新型多降液管塔板的流体力学性能及其流场CFD模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(2): 601-608.

YIN Honghe, SHEN Shaochuan, QI Liang, YAO Kejian. Hydrodynamic performances of a novel multiple downcomer tray and related CFD analysis[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(2): 601-608.

图/表 15

图1 新型多降液管塔板结构示意图1—圆形固定阀；2—塔盘；3—降液管

图2 实验装置1—循环水泵a；2—循环水槽；3—漏液收集板；4—实验塔板；5—雾沫夹带收集板；6—丝网除雾器；7—压差计；8—孔板流量计；9—风机；10—转子流量计；11—循环水泵b

表1 新型多降液管塔板结构参数

项目	A板	B板	弓形降液管塔板
塔径/mm	1219	1219	1219
塔板间距/mm	600	600	600
开孔率/%	18.96	18.96	18.96
溢流堰高/m	0.05	0.05	0.05
总溢流堰长度/mm	4300	4280	950

图3 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和弓形降液管塔板的hcl

图4 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和弓形降液管塔板的Δpd

图5 新型多降液管塔板A、B板Δpd的实验值与计算值

图6 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和弓形降液管塔板的Δpw

图7 新型多降液管塔板A、B板Δpw的实验值与计算值

图8 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和弓形降液管塔板的雾沫夹带量

图9 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和弓形降液管塔板的漏液率

图10 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和MD塔板的网格划分

表2 网格无关性检验

A板网格数	清液层高度 /mm	B板网格数	清液层高度 /mm	MD塔板网格数	清液层高度 /mm
72537	69	69053	69	69037	70
356210	63	343562	63	309209	64
676438	58	683180	58	556609	59
922347	57	902744	57	792231	58
1204371	56	1184971	56	1151097	57

图11 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和MD塔板X-Y剖面Z=51mm液相流场分布对比

图12 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和MD塔板X-Y剖面Z方向上的Va和Vm

图13 新型多降液管塔板A、B板和MD塔板X-Y剖面Z方向上液相流场均匀性对比

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