多孔泡沫材料对二元体系气液相平衡的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0193

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多孔泡沫材料作为新型气液传质元件已被证明对精馏过程具有强化作用，但其强化作用的关键机制尚不清晰而亟待研究。已有研究从流体力学方面阐述多孔泡沫材料对气液传质的强化机理，多孔泡沫材料对热力学性能方面是否存在影响仍缺乏定论。本文设计了泡沫碳化硅对二元体系气液相平衡影响的实验，通过动态法的气液双循环相平衡釜装置测定了泡沫碳化硅以及刻蚀形成表面微孔的泡沫碳化硅存在时乙醇/乙酸乙酯、乙醇/环己烷二元体系的气液相平衡数据，旨在基于不同孔径的泡沫碳化硅构造曲率气液界面的理论探究多孔泡沫材料孔径大小对气液相平衡的影响。本文实验中多孔泡沫碳化硅材料对乙醇/乙酸乙酯、乙醇/环己烷体系的气液相平衡的影响在气液相图上的体现不明显，通过对实验过程与结果进行分析，反思了多孔材料下的气液相平衡实验存在的问题，并在现有实验技术条件下探究了泡沫碳化硅对气液组成的影响，进而对未来在多孔泡沫材料对二元体系气液相平衡影响的深入研究提出了建议与方向。

关键词: 气液平衡, 气液界面, 双循环, 泡沫碳化硅

Abstract:

As a new type of gas-liquid mass transfer element, porous foam material has been proved to have a strengthening effect on the distillation process, but the key mechanism of its strengthening effect is still unclear and needs to be studied urgently. Existing studies have attempted to explain the enhanced mechanism of porous foam material on gas-liquid mass transfer from the perspective of fluid mechanics. Whether porous foam materials has an effect on thermodynamic performance is still lacking in conclusiveness. In this paper, an experiment to study the influence of foamed silicon carbide on the gas-liquid equilibrium of a binary system was designed, which was completed through a gas-liquid dual-cycle phase equilibrium device. The gas-liquid equilibrium data of the binary system of ethyl acetate, ethanol/cyclohexane were aimed at exploring the influence of the pore size of porous foam materials on the gas-liquid equilibrium based on the theory of the structure curvature of the foam silicon carbide with different pore sizes, in which the influence of the porous foamed silicon carbide material on the gas-liquid equilibrium of the ethanol/ethyl acetate and ethanol/cyclohexane system was not obvious on the gas-liquid diagram. Through the analysis of the experimental process and results, the problems of the gas-liquid equilibrium experiment under porous materials were discussed, and the influence of foamed silicon carbide on the gas-liquid composition was explored under the existing experimental technical conditions. Furthermore, suggestions and directions were put forward for the in-depth study of the influence of porous foam materials on the gas-liquid equilibrium of the binary system in the future.

Key words: gas liquid equilibria, gas-liquid interface, double circulating, foam silicon carbide

中图分类号:

TQ016.1

董欢欢, 李洪, 矫义来, 李鑫钢, 高鑫. 多孔泡沫材料对二元体系气液相平衡的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(1): 67-74.

DONG Huanhuan, LI Hong, JIAO Yilai, LI Xingang, GAO Xin. Influence of porous foam media on gas-liquid equilibrium of binary system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(1): 67-74.

图/表 10

图1 多孔泡沫碳化硅材料

图2 泡沫碳化硅电镜扫描图像

图3 刻蚀后泡沫碳化硅的汞侵入累积孔体积和孔径分布

图4 气液双循环相平衡釜装置1—磁力加热板；2—进料口；3—沸腾室；4—冷凝器；5—真空接口；6—平衡室；7—保温层；8—泡沫碳化硅；9—标准温度计；10—液相取样口；11—气相（冷凝液）取样口；12—热电偶温度计；13—出料口

表1 实验试剂性质

物质	纯度（质量分数） /%	沸点 /℃	密度（20℃） /g · cm^-3	溶剂极性
乙醇	99.7（AR）	78.3	0.789	4.3
乙酸乙酯	99.0（AR）	77.1	0.902	4.3
环己烷	99.7（AR）	81.4	0.778	0.1

图5 常压下常规乙醇/乙酸乙酯体系气液相平衡图x—液相中乙醇的摩尔分数；y—气相中乙醇的摩尔分数

图6 不同孔径泡沫碳化硅存在时乙醇/乙酸乙酯体系常压气液相平衡图x—液相中乙醇的摩尔分数；y—气相中乙醇的摩尔分数

图7 泡沫碳化硅刻蚀前后乙醇/乙酸乙酯体系常压气液平衡图x—液相中乙醇的摩尔分数；y—气相中乙醇的摩尔分数

图8 泡沫碳化硅刻蚀前后乙醇/环己烷体系常压气液平衡图x—液相中乙醇的摩尔分数；y—气相中乙醇的摩尔分数

图9 不同液相循环流量下的气、液相组成

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