压裂返排液中不同铁基电极除硼性能的影响与分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0335

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 461-467.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0335

压裂返排液中不同铁基电极除硼性能的影响与分析

方静¹(), 安志伟¹, 朱田震²(), 姚光源², 何爱珍², 陶蕾², 于德泽², 赵新星², 张丽锋², 秦立娟², 张迪彦², 李春利¹, 李浩¹

^1.河北工业大学化工学院，化工节能过程集成与资源利用国家地方联合工程实验室，天津 300130
^2.中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司，天津 300130

收稿日期:2021-02-19 修回日期:2021-04-02 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2022-01-24
通讯作者: 朱田震
作者简介:方静（1977—），女，教授，研究方向为化工分离过程、化工过程的分子设计等领域。E-mail：ctstfj@hebut.edu.cn。
基金资助:
?：中国海洋石油集团有限公司重大专项“炼化企业智能化水处理技术开发”;国家自然科学基金(21808047);河北省高层次人才基础(A2017002032);河北省自然科学基金(B2017202087);河北省大学优秀青年学者计划(BJ201615);广东省重点实验室绿色化工产品技术的研究(GC201805);天津市技术创新引导专项(20YDTPJC00630)

Influence and analysis of different iron-based electrodes on boron removal from hydraulic fracturing wastewater

FANG Jing¹(), AN Zhiwei¹, ZHU Tianzhen²(), YAO Guangyuan², HE Aizhen², TAO Lei², YU Deze², ZHAO Xinxing², ZHANG Lifeng², QIN Lijuan², ZHANG Diyan², LI Chunli¹, LI Hao¹

^1.National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
^2.CNOOC Tianjin Chemical Research and Design Institute Company Limited, Tianjin 300130, China

Received:2021-02-19 Revised:2021-04-02 Online:2022-01-05 Published:2022-01-24
Contact: ZHU Tianzhen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

压裂返排液中硼的去除对非常规油气资源的可持续发展具有重要意义。电絮凝作为一种环保技术，近年来受到越来越多的关注。从电化学的角度来看，不同电极的电化学性能具有一定差异，这很大程度上影响着絮凝性能。然而，铁基电极作为经济有效的电极材料，不同铁基电极对除硼效果的影响至今还没有得到系统的研究。本研究采用不同的铁基电极作为阳极，考察了其在电絮凝过程中的除硼性能，并用电化学方法、化学方法及相关表征手段阐述了铁基电极产生不同除硼效果的原因。结果表明，相同条件下，不锈钢作为阳极时的除硼效率为17%左右，比碳钢作为阳极的除硼率大致高出10%。当使用不锈钢电极时，其所在介质的Fe³⁺含量为43%，而碳钢电解时，Fe³⁺含量却仅有30%。此外，不锈钢阳极电解产生的絮凝物具有更分散疏松的形态，粒径分布较为均一，有利于得到更好的絮凝能力。

关键词: 电絮凝, 碳钢, 不锈钢, 除硼性能, 絮凝产物

Abstract:

Boron removal is important for the sustainable development of unconventional oil/gas resources. Electrocoagulation as an environmentally friendly technology has attracted more and more attention in recent years. From the perspective of electrochemistry, the electrochemical performance of different electrodes is different, which affects the coagulation performance. However, as an economical and effective electrode material, the effect of different iron-based electrodes on boron removal has not been systematically studied until now. In this work, different iron-based electrodes were used to investigate their boron removal performance in electrocoagulation. The flocs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to explain the reasons for the performance discrepancy of boron removal. The results showed that under the same conditions, boron removal efficiency of stainless steel was about 17%, which was about 10% higher than that of carbon steel. When stainless steel electrode was used, the content of Fe³⁺ in the medium was 43%, while it was only 30% when carbon steel was used. The flocs had more dispersed and loose shape, and the particle size distribution was more uniform by using stainless steel. They were both conducive to obtain better coagulation effect.

Key words: electrocoagulation, carbon steel, stainless steel, boron removal performance, coagulation product

中图分类号:

TQ 150

方静, 安志伟, 朱田震, 姚光源, 何爱珍, 陶蕾, 于德泽, 赵新星, 张丽锋, 秦立娟, 张迪彦, 李春利, 李浩. 压裂返排液中不同铁基电极除硼性能的影响与分析[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(1): 461-467.

FANG Jing, AN Zhiwei, ZHU Tianzhen, YAO Guangyuan, HE Aizhen, TAO Lei, YU Deze, ZHAO Xinxing, ZHANG Lifeng, QIN Lijuan, ZHANG Diyan, LI Chunli, LI Hao. Influence and analysis of different iron-based electrodes on boron removal from hydraulic fracturing wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(1): 461-467.

图/表 10

表1 返排液废水组成成分

离子	浓度/mg?L^-1
Na⁺	21312
K⁺	17856
$∑ F e$	712
Ca²⁺	202
$∑ B$	178
Mg²⁺	235
Cl^-	42051
HCO₃^-	185
SO₄^2-	467

表1 返排液废水组成成分

离子	浓度/mg?L^-1
Na⁺	21312
K⁺	17856
$∑ F e$	712
Ca²⁺	202
$∑ B$	178
Mg²⁺	235
Cl^-	42051
HCO₃^-	185
SO₄^2-	467

表2 不锈钢和碳钢的化学组成成分（质量分数）单位：%

电极材料	C	Cr	Mn	Si	P	Ni	S	Cu	Mo	Fe
304 SS	0.065	18.57	1.22	0.67	0.029	8.42	0.011	—	—	Bal.
316 SS	0.081	16.25	2.01	0.75	0.027	12.34	0.030	—	2.2	Bal.
316L SS	0.022	16.75	1.86	0.88	0.032	13.69	0.028	—	2.1	Bal.
Q235 CS	0.161	—	0.42	0.25	0.043	—	0.028	—	—	Bal.
20 CS	0.183	0.19	0.75	0.25	0.021	—	0.011	—	—	Bal.
N80 CS	0.352	0.12	1.48	0.25	0.010	0.12	0.013	0.12	—	Bal.

图1 电絮凝实物装置及过程示意图

图2 3种不锈钢和3种碳钢阳极随时间变化的除硼率

图3 3种不锈钢和3种碳钢电极在电絮凝过程中电位随时间的变化

图4 阳极区域的铁Pourbaix图[25]

图5 铁基电极所在介质中Fe3+的质量分数

图6 化学絮凝中Fe3+质量分数对除硼效果的影响

图7 304 SS和Q235 CS电解产生絮凝物的铁元素的X射线光电子能谱分析

图8 304 SS和Q235 CS电解产生絮凝物的SEM图及其粒径分布图

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压裂返排液中不同铁基电极除硼性能的影响与分析

Influence and analysis of different iron-based electrodes on boron removal from hydraulic fracturing wastewater

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