工业有机废水深度处理：非均相Fenton催化剂研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.42020-1404

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在众多水处理技术中，Fenton法能产生具有强氧化性的羟基自由基（·OH），被认为是处理水中难生物降解有机污染物的有效方法。但是，传统的均相Fenton技术存在响应pH范围窄、催化剂活性组分不易回收分离、产生的铁泥会造成二次污染等问题，而非均相Fenton技术则可有效克服上述缺陷并具有良好工业应用前景。本文评述了Fenton反应，尤其是非均相Fenton技术近年来的发展情况，主要综述了其反应机理、反应活性的影响因素以及非均相Fenton催化剂研究现状。重点结合构-效关系、合成方法与反应机制探讨了国内外铁基与非铁基金属催化剂与碳基催化剂的发展进程以及其对于难降解有机物的处理效果。并总结了双氧水利用率、催化剂稳定性、反应的控速环节对非均相Fenton催化剂体系应用的影响与限制，为进一步改进催化剂的设计与制备方法提供了思路。

关键词: 类Fenton催化剂, 纳米材料, 自由基, 多相反应, 废水

Abstract:

Compared to other treatment methods, Fenton technology is an effective method for the degradation of non-biodegradable organic pollutants in water due to the generated highly oxidative hydroxyl radicals(·OH). However, the application of traditional homogeneous Fenton reaction is limited by its narrow pH response range, difficult recovery and separation of the active components of the catalyst, and easily generated iron sludge that will cause secondary pollution. In recent years, the heterogeneous reaction, which can effectively overcome the above drawbacks and has good industrial application prospects, has attracted extensive attention and research. This article mainly summarizes the development of Fenton technology, especially for the heterogeneous ones from the aspects of reaction mechanism, influence of reaction parameters, and materials. The emphasis is given on the advances in heterogeneous catalysts particularly for the Fe-based ones, Fe-free metal ones, carbon-based ones with introduction of their synthesis method, structure-performance analysis, plausible reaction pathways and catalytic performance for organic degradation. Finally, the influence of catalysts stability, utilization of hydrogen peroxide and rate-limit step in the heterogeneous Fenton catalyst system are summarized, which provides ideas for further improving the rational design and fabrication method of heterogeneous Fenton catalysts.

Key words: Fenton-like catalysts, nanomaterials, radicals, multiphase reaction, waste water

中图分类号:

X703

郭小熙, 田鹏飞, 孙杨, 丁豆豆, 张杰, 韩一帆. 工业有机废水深度处理：非均相Fenton催化剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(2): 605-620.

Xiaoxi GUO, Pengfei TIAN, Yang SUN, Doudou DING, Jie ZHANG, Yifan HAN. Tertiary treatment of industrial organic wastewater: development of heterogeneous Fenton catalysts[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(2): 605-620.

图/表 17

图1 2016年全国水质类别比例

图2 不同体系中pH对有机物去除的影响

图3 不同载体在非均相Fenton催化剂中的应用情况

图4 Cu@SiO2Fenton催化剂中不同Cu种类催化活性对比

图5 非均相Fenton反应σ-Cu2+-ligand络合促进机制

图6 铜掺杂LaAlO3催化剂与双氧水之间的反应路径

图7 Co-Cu LDH降解蒽醌类有机废水

图8 介孔Cu/MnO2非均相Fenton催化剂降解苯并三唑的机理

图9 Ag掺杂/CeO2非均相Fenton催化剂降解苯酚的机理

图10 Au/ZnO非均相Fenton催化剂降解亚甲基蓝的机理与性能

图11 C60-Fe2O3复合材料催化反应机理

图12 Fe@C-BN类fenton催化剂结构与反应机理

图13 N-SWCNTs催化剂结构与反应机理

图14 活性炭负载铁（Fe/AC）催化剂去除PNP机理与性能

图15 氮掺杂石墨烯（NG）纳米材料反应机理

图16 Fe-G复合催化剂结构与反应机理

图17 纳米金刚石（ND）的结构与反应机理

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