水热法稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1776

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着社会经济的发展和垃圾焚烧的应用，产生了大量属于危险废物的垃圾焚烧飞灰。其无害化处理技术的研发变得日益迫切，而水热处理技术是最具潜力的垃圾焚烧飞灰无害化技术之一。本文综述了水热法处理垃圾焚烧飞灰稳定重金属的研究进展。首先阐述了垃圾焚烧飞灰的理化性质；然后系统介绍了针对垃圾焚烧飞灰的水热处理方法，将其细分为传统水热法、添加剂辅助水热法和微波水热法，并分别总结了各类水热处理方法影响重金属稳定效果的因素，包括反应时间和温度、碱性激发剂及其浓度、液固比等；最后探讨了水热法稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属技术的优化途径，为后续的研究提供了研究思路，其中探究水热过程中硅铝酸盐矿物的合成及其稳定重金属机理极具发展潜力。

关键词: 水热, 垃圾焚烧, 飞灰, 重金属, 硅铝酸盐

Abstract:

With the development of the social economy and the application of waste incineration, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash, a hazardous waste, is generated in large amounts. The harmless treatment for MSWI fly ash is in urgency, and hydrothermal treatment is one of the most promising harmless treatment technologies. Hydrothermal treatment for stabilization of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash was reviewed in this paper. The physical and chemical properties of MSWI fly ash were firstly described. Then the hydrothermal treatment for MSWI fly ash was systematically introduced and was divided into three categories: traditional hydrothermal method, additive-assisted hydrothermal method and microwave-assisted hydrothermal method .The factors that influence the stabilization of heavy metals were summarized, including reaction time and temperature, alkaline agent and its concentration, solid-liquid ratio, etc. Finally, the optimization approach of the hydrothermal method for heavy metal stabilization in MSWI fly ash, and proposes suggestions for future studies were discussed. It is of great potential to explore the synthesis of aluminosilicate minerals in the hydrothermal process and the fundamental mechanisms of heavy metal stabilization.

Key words: hydrothermal, municipal solid waste incineration, fly ash, heavy metal, aluminosilicate

中图分类号:

X705

蒋旭光, 陈钱, 赵晓利, 孔莉倓. 水热法稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4473-4485.

JIANG Xuguang, CHEN Qian, ZHAO Xiaoli, KONG Litan. A review on hydrothermal treatment for stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(8): 4473-4485.

图/表 1

参考文献 45

1	中华人民共和国国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2018.
	National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China. China statistical yearbook[M]. Beijing: China Statistical Press, 2018.
2	章骅, 于思源, 邵立明, 等. 烟气净化工艺和焚烧炉类型对生活垃圾焚烧飞灰性质的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(1): 467-476.
	ZHANG Hua, YU Siyuan, SHAO Liming, et al. Influence of air pollution control (APC) systems and furnace type on the characteristics of APC residues from municipal solid waste incinerators[J]. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(1): 467-476.
3	MA Wenchao, CHEN Dongmei, PAN Minhui, et al. Performance of chemical chelating agent stabilization and cement solidification on heavy metals in MSWI fly ash: a comparative study[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 247: 169-177.
4	SUN Yangyu, XU Congbin, YANG Wenjie, et al. Evaluation of a mixed chelator as heavy metal stabilizer for municipal solid-waste incineration fly ash: behaviors and mechanisms[J]. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 2019, 66(2): 188-196.
5	LINDBERG D, MOLIN C, HUPA M. Thermal treatment of solid residues from WtE units: a review[J]. Waste Management, 2015, 37: 82-94.
6	熊祖鸿, 范根育, 鲁敏, 等. 垃圾焚烧飞灰处置技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(7): 1678-1684.
	XIONG Zuhong, FAN Genyu, LU Min, et al. Treatment technologies of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash: a review[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2013, 32(7): 1678-1684.
7	苏蓉. 生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的处理[J]. 广州化工, 2016, 44(24): 104-106.
	SU Rong. Fly ash processing in living garbage incineration[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry, 2016, 44(24): 104-106.
8	LONG Ling, JIANG Xuguang, Guojun LYU, et al. Characteristics of fly ash from waste-to-energy plants adopting grate-type or circulating fluidized bed incinerators: a comparative study[J/OL]. Energy Sources Part A: Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects. DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2020.1796851.
9	MA Xiaojun, JIANG Xuguang, JIN Yuqi, et al. Hydrothermal stabilization of fly ash from a fluidized bed incinerator co-firing refuse and coal[J]. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2012, 21(3): 586-592.
10	LIU Jianwen, LUO Wenzhi, CAO Hailin, et al. Understanding the immobilization mechanisms of hazardous heavy metal ions in the cage of sodalite at molecular level: a DFT study[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2020, 306: 110409.
11	QIU Qili, CHEN Qian, JIANG Xuguang, et al. Improving microwave-assisted hydrothermal degradation of PCDD/Fs in fly ash with added Na₂HPO₄ and water-washing pretreatment[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 220: 1118-1125.
12	邱琪丽. 垃圾焚烧飞灰的微波水热法无害化处置及产物吸附性能研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2019.
	QIU Qili. Study on microwave-assisted hydrothermal disposal and product adsorption property of MSWI fly ash[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2019.
13	BAYUSENO A P, SCHMAHL W W, MUELLEJANS T. Hydrothermal processing of MSWI fly ash-towards new stable minerals and fixation of heavy metals[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 167(1/2/3): 250-259.
14	United States Environmental Protection Agency. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure: SW-846 Test Method 1311[S]. 1992.
15	Federal Government of the United States. Toxicity characteristics of hazardous waste: 40 CFR §261.24[S]. 1992.
16	JIN Jian, LI Xiaodong, CHI Yong, et al. Heavy metals stabilization in medical waste incinerator fly ash using alkaline assisted supercritical water technology[J]. Waste Management & Research, 2010, 28(12): 1133-1142.
17	中华人民共和国环境保护部. 危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别: [S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2007.
	Ministry of Ecology Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Identification standards for hazardous wastes: [S]. Beijing： China Environment Science Press, 2007.
18	JIN Jian, LI Xiaodong, CHI Yong, et al. Co-disposal of heavy metals containing waste water and medical waste incinerator fly ash by hydrothermal process with addition of sodium carbonate: a case study on Cu(II) removal[J]. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2010, 209(1/2/3/4): 391-400.
19	中华人民共和国环境保护部. 生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准: [S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2008.
	Ministry of Ecology Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Standard for pollution control on landfill site of municipal solid waste: [S]. Beijing： China Environment Science Press, 2008.
20	中华人民共和国环境保护部. 污水综合排放标准: [S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1996.
	Ministry of Ecology Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Integrated wastewater discharge standard: [S]. Beijing： China Environment Science Press, 1996.
21	JIN Yuqi, MA Xiaojun, JIANG Xuguang, et al. Effects of hydrothermal treatment on the major heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2013, 27(1): 394-400.
22	马晓军. 水热法处理生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属和二英的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2013.
	MA Xiaojun. Study on hydrothermal treatment of heavy metals and PCDD/Fs in MSWI fly ash[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2013.
23	CHEN Zhan, YU Guangwei, WANG Yin, et al. Fate of heavy metals during co-disposal of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and sewage sludge by hydrothermal coupling pyrolysis process[J]. Waste Management, 2020, 109: 28-37.
24	阮煜, 宗达, 陈志良, 等. 水热法协同处置不同垃圾焚烧炉飞灰及其机理[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(7): 2602-2608.
	RUAN Yu, ZONG Da, CHEN Zhiliang, et al. Co-hydrothermal processing for stabilize of different waste incinerator fly ash and its mechanism[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(7): 2602-2608.
25	金剑. 水热法垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属稳定化处理及同步去除废水中重金属[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2010.
	JIN Jian. A novel hydrothermal process to stabilize heavy metals from both fly ash and waste water[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2010.
26	CAPRAI V, SCHOLLBACH K, BROUWERS H J H. Influence of hydrothermal treatment on the mechanical and environmental performances of mortars including MSWI bottom ash[J]. Waste Management, 2018, 78: 639-648.
27	张超. 碱性水热法稳定生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属的研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2017.
	ZHANG Chao. Study on alkaline hydrothermal treatment for stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2017.
28	ROŻEK P, KRÓL M, MOZGAWA W. Solidification/stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash via autoclave treatment: Structural and mechanical properties[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 202: 603-613.
29	BISWAL B K, CHEN Zhitao, YANG Enhua. Hydrothermal process reduced Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1-driven bioleaching of heavy metals in a novel aerated concrete synthesized using municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 360: 1082-1091.
30	SHAN Chengchong, JING Zhenzi, PAN Lili, et al. Hydrothermal solidification of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash[J]. Research on Chemical Intermediates, 2011, 37(2/3/4/5): 551-565.
31	王磊. 水热法外加硅铝源稳定医疗废物焚烧飞灰中重金属的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2012.
	WANG Lei. Study on Silicon-aluminum additives assisted hydrothermal process for stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash from medical waste incineration[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2012.
32	SHI Dezhi, HU Chunyan, ZHANG Jinlu, et al. Silicon-aluminum additives assisted hydrothermal process for stabilization of heavy metals in fly ash from MSW incineration[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2017, 165: 44-53.
33	TIAN Xiang, RAO Feng, MORALES-ESTRELLA R, et al. Effects of aluminum dosage on gel formation and heavy metal immobilization in alkali-activated municipal solid waste incineration fly ash[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2020, 34(4): 4727-4733.
34	WEI Yufeng, WANG Jin, WANG Junxia, et al. Hydrothermal processing, characterization and leaching toxicity of Cr-added “fly ash-metakaolin” based geopolymer[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 251: 118931.
35	SHI Dezhi, ZHANG Chao, ZHANG Jinlu, et al. Seed-assisted hydrothermal treatment with composite silicon-aluminum additive for solidification of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2016, 30(12): 10661-10670.
36	胡雨燕, 陈德珍, Christensen T H. 水热条件下绿矾稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰的研究[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2007, 29(1): 4-8.
	HU Yuyan, CHEN Dezhen, CHRISTENSEN T H. Chemical stabilization of incineration fly ash with FeSO₄ under hydrothermal conditions[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2007, 29(1): 4-8.
37	胡雨燕, 陈德珍. 水热条件下磷酸盐稳定垃圾焚烧飞灰的研究[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2008, 11(1): 121-126.
	HU Yuyan, CHEN Dezhen. Study of incineration fly ash stabilization with phosphate under hydrothermal condition[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2008, 11(1): 121-126.
38	HU Yuyan, ZHANG Pengfei, LI Jianping, et al. Stabilization and separation of heavy metals in incineration fly ash during the hydrothermal treatment process[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 299: 149-157.
39	CHEN Qian, LONG Ling, LIU Xiaobo, et al. Low-toxic zeolite fabricated from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash via microwave-assisted hydrothermal process with fusion pretreatment[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2020, 22(4): 1196-1207.
40	CHEN Qian, Guojun LYU, JIANG Xuguang, et al. Stabilization of heavy metals in municipal solid waste circulating fluidized bed incineration fly ash by fusion-hydrothermal method[J]. Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy, 2019, 1(4): 251-259.
41	QIU Qili, JIANG Xuguang, Guojun LYU, et al. Adsorption of copper ions by fly ash modified through microwave-assisted hydrothermal process[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2019, 21: 469-477
42	QIU Qili, JIANG Xuguang, Shengyong LYU, et al. Effects of microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment on the major heavy metals of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in a circulating fluidized bed[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2016, 30(7): 5945-5952.
43	QIU Qili, JIANG Xuguang, Guojun LYU, et al. Stabilization of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in circulating fluidized bed by microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment with additives[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2016, 30(9): 7588-7595.
44	QIU Qili, JIANG Xuguang, CHEN Zhiliang, et al. Microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment with soluble phosphate added for heavy metals solidification in MSWI fly ash[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2017, 31(5): 5222-5232.
45	QIU Qili, JIANG Xuguang, Guojun LYU, et al. Evolution of heavy metal speciation in MSWI fly ash after microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment[J]. Chemistry Letters, 2018, 47(8): 960-963.

[1]	李世霖, 胡景泽, 王毅霖, 王庆吉, 邵磊. 电渗析分离提取高值组分的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 420-429.
[2]	许春树, 姚庆达, 梁永贤, 周华龙. 共价有机框架材料功能化策略及其对Hg(Ⅱ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 461-478.
[3]	顾永正, 张永生. HBr改性飞灰对Hg⁰的动态吸附及动力学模型[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 498-509.
[4]	王晋刚, 张剑波, 唐雪娇, 刘金鹏, 鞠美庭. 机动车尾气脱硝催化剂Cu-SSZ-13的改性研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4636-4648.
[5]	李东泽, 张祥, 田键, 胡攀, 姚杰, 朱林, 卜昌盛, 王昕晔. 基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO _x 研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4882-4893.
[6]	李卫华, 于倩雯, 尹俊权, 吴寅凯, 孙英杰, 王琰, 王华伟, 杨玉飞, 龙於洋, 黄启飞, 葛燕辰, 何依洋, 赵灵燕. 酸雨环境下填埋飞灰吨袋破损后重金属的溶出行为[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4917-4928.
[7]	李志远, 黄亚继, 赵佳琪, 于梦竹, 朱志成, 程好强, 时浩, 王圣. 污泥与聚氯乙烯共热解重金属特性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4947-4956.
[8]	王雪婷, 顾霞, 徐先宝, 赵磊, 薛罡, 李响. 水热预处理对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产戊酸的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4994-5002.
[9]	张杉, 仲兆平, 杨宇轩, 杜浩然, 李骞. 磷酸盐改性高岭土对生活垃圾热解过程中重金属的富集[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3893-3903.
[10]	郑昕, 贾里, 王彦霖, 张靖超, 陈世虎, 乔晓磊, 樊保国. 污泥与煤泥混烧对重金属固留特性的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3233-3241.
[11]	庄捷, 薛锦辉, 赵斌成, 张文艺. 猪粪厌氧消化进程中重金属与腐殖质的有机结合机制[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3281-3291.
[12]	李若琳, 何少林, 苑宏英, 刘伯约, 纪冬丽, 宋阳, 刘博, 余绩庆, 徐英俊. 原位热解对油页岩物性及地下水水质影响探索[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3309-3318.
[13]	常占坤, 张弛, 苏冰琴, 张聪政, 王健, 权晓慧. H₂S气态基质对污泥生物沥滤处理效能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2733-2743.
[14]	李卫华, 吴寅凯, 孙英杰, 尹俊权, 辛明学, 赵友杰. 垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属毒性浸出评价方法研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2666-2677.
[15]	王雪, 徐期勇, 张超. 木质纤维素类生物质水热炭化机理及水热炭应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2536-2545.