泡沫浮选耦合膜过滤回收有机废水中纳米TiO2光催化剂的工艺

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0063

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究的目的是开发一种新型的泡沫浮选耦合超滤技术的方法，以实现从有机废液体系中经济、高效地回收纳米TiO₂光催化剂。首先，对超滤膜分离有机废液中纳米TiO₂光催化剂的使用效率，包括透过通量和截留率进行评价。随后，为了减少超滤操作进料液中纳米TiO₂光催化剂的浓度，在泡沫浮选阶段确定以阳离子表面活性剂——十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）作为捕获剂，研究了CTAB浓度、气体体积流速、分布器孔径对泡沫浮选回收纳米TiO₂光催化剂富集效率的影响。最后，确定泡沫浮选耦合超滤耦合回收纳米TiO₂光催化剂的工艺条件。试验结果表明，采用耦合工艺，在pH 7.0、CTAB浓度0.20g/L、气体体积流速15mL/min以及分布器孔径180μm的条件下，纳米TiO₂光催化剂富集比和回收率分别为22.52和99%，同时膜的使用寿命较非耦合操作提高了133％。

关键词: 泡沫, 浮选, 纳米粒子, 表面活性剂, 超滤

Abstract:

A novel technology of froth flotation coupled ultrafiltration has been developed for recovering nano-sized TiO₂ photocatalyst from its organic wastewater. First, the ultrafiltration efficiency for the recovery of nano-sized TiO₂ photocatalyst was evaluated according to the permeate flux and the rejecting ratio. Second, in order to reduce the concentration of the feeding solution, froth flotation was performed with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the collector. The effects of CTAB concentration, volumetric air flow rate and pore diameter of gas distributor on the performance of froth flotation were investigated. Finally, the suitable operation conditions of the proposed technology were determined. The experimental result showed that under the suitable operation conditions of pH 7.0, CTAB concentration 0.20g/L, volumetric air flow rate 15mL/min, and pore diameter of gas distributor 180μm, the enrichment ratio and the recovery percentage of nano-sized TiO₂ photocatalyst reached 22.52 and 99%, respectively. Meanwhile, the operating time of the membrane increased by 133% compared to that in ultrafiltration only operation.

Key words: foam, flotation, nanoparticles, surfactants, ultrafiltration

中图分类号:

徐艳艳,刘伟,舒婷,李娜,吴兆亮. 泡沫浮选耦合膜过滤回收有机废水中纳米TiO₂光催化剂的工艺[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(10): 4773-4779.

Yanyan XU,Wei LIU,Ting SHU,Na LI,Zhaoliang WU. Recovery of nano-sized TiO₂ photocatalyst from its organic wastewater by using a technology of froth flotation coupled with ultrafiltration[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(10): 4773-4779.

图/表 9

图1 泡沫浮选耦合超滤操作的实验装置图 1—空气压缩机；2—气体分布器；3—残液；4—泡沫收集； 5—渗透液收集器

图2 操作次数对透过通量和截留率的影响

图3 pH对zeta电位的影响

表1 pH为7.0下不同类型的表面活性剂对纳米颗粒的富集效率

表面活性剂	E	R/%
CTAB	8.10	67.30
SDS	1.00	0
CAB	3.50	32.75

图4 CTAB的浓度对纳米TiO2光催化剂富集效率的影响

图5 气体体积流速对纳米TiO2光催化剂富集效率的影响

图6 气体分布器孔径对纳米TiO2光催化剂富集效率的影响

表2 泡沫浮选、超滤和耦合工艺的富集比和回收率

分离方法	富集比(E)	回收率(R)/%
泡沫浮选	6.00	67.50
超滤	10.50	99
耦合工艺	22.52	99

图7 操作次数对泡沫浮选处理前（J V、R obs）和泡沫浮选处理后（J′ V、R′ obs）的影响

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泡沫浮选耦合膜过滤回收有机废水中纳米TiO₂光催化剂的工艺

Recovery of nano-sized TiO₂ photocatalyst from its organic wastewater by using a technology of froth flotation coupled with ultrafiltration

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