多相流管输体系中水合物沉积机理研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0176

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

国内外对多相流管输体系中水合物沉积的研究虽然很多，但水合物沉积机理仍有待进一步研究。本文根据水合物沉积实验开展条件的不同，将多相流管输体系分为气体主导体系、油基体系、部分分散体系、水主导体系，总结了各体系的水合物沉积的主要机理，并提出了未来的发展方向。管输体系中水合物沉积机理包括水润湿沉积表面、水合物颗粒聚并、水合物的管壁膜生长、水合物颗粒的管壁粘附和水合物的颗粒着床沉积等。大多数学者认为：水合物的管壁膜生长是气体主导体系水合物沉积的主要机理；油基体系水合物沉积的主要机理是水合物颗粒的着床沉积；而部分分散体系和水主导体系的水合物沉积机理尚无统一定论，需进一步研究。多相流管输体系中水合物沉积研究未来的发展方向如下。①搭建全透明的流动环路，观测水合物在管路内实际的形成过程及沉积过程，对水合物沉积机理进行深入研究。②量化研究油水分层、油包水(或水包油)乳状液、自由水层对水合物沉积、堵塞的影响。③对于气体主导体系，除环状流和分层流外，有必要对段塞流、气泡流等其他常见的流型下沉积机理进行研究，重点在于开发一个综合模型来描述水合物沉积过程。④对于水主导体系，水合物形成过程出现的油水破乳的具体机理应是未来水合物沉积过程进行定量研究的方向。⑤国内外对垂直管、弯管及管阀件处水合物沉积堵塞理论研究较少，未来应着重这方面。

关键词: 多相流管输, 水合物, 沉积机理, 气主导体系, 油基体系, 部分分散体系, 水主导体系

Abstract:

Although there are many studies on hydrate deposition in multiphase flow pipeline systems at home and abroad, the hydrate deposition mechanism remains to be further studied. According to the different conditions of hydrate deposition experiment, the multi-phase flow pipeline transportation system is divided into gas-dominated systems, oil-dominated systems, partially-dispersed systems and water-dominated systems. In this paper the main mechanism of hydrate deposition in each system is summarized and the future research direction is proposed. The hydrate deposition mechanism in the pipe transport system includes water wet deposition surface, hydrate particles aggregation, hydrate wall film growth, hydrate particles wall adhesion and hydrate particles bedding. Most scholars believe that the wall film growth of hydrate is the main mechanism of hydrate deposition in gas-dominated systems and the main mechanism of hydrate deposition in oil-dominated systems is hydrate particles bedding, while the hydrate deposition mechanism of partially-dispersed systems and water-dominated systems has not been unified and needs to be further studied. The future development direction of hydrate deposition research in the multi-phase flow tube transport systems is as follows. ① Establish a fully transparent flow loop to observe the actual formation process and deposition process of hydrate in the pipeline, and conduct in-depth research on the hydrate deposition mechanism. ② The effects of oil moisture layer, water-in-oil (or oil-in-water) emulsion, free water layer on hydrate deposition and plugging should be quantified. ③ It is necessary for the gas-dominated system to study the deposition mechanism of other common flow patterns such as slug flow and bubble flow except the annular flow and the stratified flow with the focus of developing a comprehensive model to describe hydrate deposition process. ④ For the water-dominated system, the specific mechanism of oil-water emulsion breaking in the hydrate formation process should be the direction of quantitative research on the future hydrate deposition process. ⑤ At home and abroad, there is little theoretical research on the hydrate deposition and plugging in vertical tubes, elbows and tube valves, and thus the future should emphasize this aspect.

Key words: multiphase flow tube transport, hydrate, deposition mechanism, gas-dominated systems, oil-dominated systems, partially-dispersed systems, water-dominated systems

中图分类号:

TE88

任中波,刘德俊,黄东维. 多相流管输体系中水合物沉积机理研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(10): 4403-4413.

Zhongbo REN,Dejun LIU,Dongwei HUANG. Review of hydrate deposition mechanism in multiphase flow tube transport system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(10): 4403-4413.

图/表 1

参考文献 59

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