铝空气电池用6061和7075铝合金阳极电化学性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0667

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了工业6061铝合金（6061）、航空7075铝合金（7075）和纯铝作为铝空气电池阳极材料的电化学性能，分析其作为阳极的可行性及适用环境。进行了阻抗、极化曲线和恒电流放电实验并进行了表面表征，计算了在40～120mA/cm²电流密度下连续恒流放电的阳极能量密度。用电子探针显微镜（EPMA）对电极表面形貌进行了研究，用波谱分析仪（WDS）进行表面分析。研究结果表明，合金元素在电池放电过程中会改变阳极的表面特性。6061中合金元素含量对电池阳极材料的性能产生了积极影响，使得合金的表面放电面积变大，放电均匀，更适合作为铝空气电池阳极材料。

关键词: 铝空气电池, 再生能源, 铝合金阳极, 氧化, 显微结构

Abstract:

The electrochemical properties of industrial 6061 aluminum alloy (6061), aviation 7075 aluminum alloy (7075) and pure aluminum as anode materials for aluminum air cell were studied. Electrochemical tests, constant-current discharge experiments and surface characterization were carried out to calculate the anodic energy densities of continuous constant discharge under different current densities of 40—120mA/cm². The surface morphology of the electrode was studied by electron probe microscopy (EPMA), and the surface analysis was performed by using a spectral analyzer (WDS). The results showed that the alloying elements changed the surface characteristics of the battery during discharge. The content of 6061 alloy element has a positive effect on the performance of the battery anode material, making the surface larger and discharge more uniformly , which suggested that 6061 was more suitable to be used as an alloy anode.

Key words: aluminum air battery, renewable energy, aluminum alloy anode, oxidation, microstructure

中图分类号:

TQ15

杨亚刚,俞小花,张磊,史春阳,庄晓东,谢刚. 铝空气电池用6061和7075铝合金阳极电化学性能[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(1): 145-151.

Yagang YANG,Xiaohua YU,Lei ZHANG,Chunyang SHI,Xiaodong ZHUANG,Gang XIE. Electrochemical properties of Al-6061 and Al-7075 alloys as anode for aluminum air batteries[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(1): 145-151.

图/表 10

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阳极	Si/%	Cu/%	Mn/%	Zn/%	Fe/%	Ti/%	Mg/%	Cr/%
纯铝	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
6061	1.08	0.27	1.00	1.82	0.60	0.15	1.00	0.20
7075	0.40	2.50	0.10	6.60	0.10	0.10	2.50	0.23

阳极	Si/%	Cu/%	Mn/%	Zn/%	Fe/%	Ti/%	Mg/%	Cr/%
纯铝	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
6061	1.08	0.27	1.00	1.82	0.60	0.15	1.00	0.20
7075	0.40	2.50	0.10	6.60	0.10	0.10	2.50	0.23

阳极	R _s/Ω?cm^-2	CEP₁		R ₁/Ω?cm^-2	CEP₂		R ₂/Ω?cm^-2
阳极	R _s/Ω?cm^-2	Y ₀/10^-4?Ω^-1?cm^-2?s ⁿ	n	R ₁/Ω?cm^-2	Y ₀/10^-4?Ω^-1?cm^-2?s ⁿ	n	R ₂/Ω?cm^-2
纯铝	1.121	0.175	0.99	1.725	1767	1.00	0.291
6061	1.171	5.659	0.87	1.093	1333	0.94	0.479
7075	1.081	287.8	0.23	0.166	50.49	0.81	1.101

阳极	R _s/Ω?cm^-2	CEP₁		R ₁/Ω?cm^-2	CEP₂		R ₂/Ω?cm^-2
阳极	R _s/Ω?cm^-2	Y ₀/10^-4?Ω^-1?cm^-2?s ⁿ	n	R ₁/Ω?cm^-2	Y ₀/10^-4?Ω^-1?cm^-2?s ⁿ	n	R ₂/Ω?cm^-2
纯铝	1.121	0.175	0.99	1.725	1767	1.00	0.291
6061	1.171	5.659	0.87	1.093	1333	0.94	0.479
7075	1.081	287.8	0.23	0.166	50.49	0.81	1.101

项目	纯铝	6061	7075
各电流密度下的平均放电电压/V
静置	1.77	1.50	1.47
40mA·cm^-2	1.17	1.22	1.00
60mA·cm^-2	0.78	0.83	0.50
80mA·cm^-2	0.42	0.50	0.01
100mA·cm^-2	0.06	0.02	0.01
120mA·cm^-2	0.06	0.02	0.01
静置	1.60	1.47	1.36
W ₀/g	0.0332	0.0214	0.0184
综合放电过程腐蚀速率/g?cm^-2?h^-1	0.0249	0.0204	0.0176
综合放电过程中的能量密度/Wh·kg^-1	771.08	901.16	531.30