钠离子电池正极材料研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1761

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 钠离子电池与锂离子电池工作原理相似，却有着更低的成本和更高的安全性。在钠离子电池中，正极材料的研究尤为重要。本文对现有的钠离子电池正极材料进行了系统性的归纳，首先介绍了各类正极材料的结构和电化学特性，基于此分析目前钠离子电池正极材料面临的两个主要制约因素：一是钠离子半径大，充放电过程中对材料结构的影响大，导致容量衰减迅速；二是动力学过程慢，导致其倍率性能差。在此基础上归纳了现有的各类钠离子电池正极材料的改性方法如掺杂、包覆等。总结了材料改性及改善材料电化学性能的方法以及应用在现有材料中时所获得的效果，基于此为未来的钠离子电池正极材料及其改性研究提供了基础。

关键词: 储能, 钠离子电池, 正极材料, 低成本

Abstract: Considerable attention on next generation rechargeable battery has been attracted by sodium-ion batteries(SIB), due to the similar working mechanism and electrochemistrical properties to lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, review of cathode materials of SIB has been made. Typical properties of different cathode materials were introduced firstly. Two major deficiencies of large ionic radius and slow diffusion velocity were pointed out. On the one hand, sodium ion owned larger ion radius, which will cause structural wreck during cycling. On the other hand, larger ion radius may cause a slower kinetics, which will indicate a poor rate performance. Then, different modification methods and their performance in application was reviewed. This review provides a foundation for future investigation of the cathode materials of sodium-ion batteries.

Key words: energy storage system, sodium-ion battery, cathode material, low-cost

中图分类号:

O646.21

王勇, 刘雯, 郭瑞, 罗英, 解晶莹. 钠离子电池正极材料研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(08): 3056-3066.

WANG Yong, LIU Wen, GUO Rui, LUO Ying, XIE Jingying. Recent development of cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(08): 3056-3066.

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