金属有机骨架材料吸附去除环境污染物的进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.02.039

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)具有超高的比表面积、较高且可调的孔隙率、结构组成多样性、开放的金属位点和化学可修饰等优点,近年来在选择性吸附领域中的应用受到人们的广泛关注。本文综述了MOFs在液相吸附去除各种环境污染物方面的应用进展,包括吸附去除水中的有机污染物、重金属离子以及吸附去除燃油中的有机含硫化合物和有机含氮化合物;讨论了不同MOFs及改性MOFs对环境污染物的吸附性能及吸附机理,指出MOFs的孔结构、开放的金属位点、静电吸附作用、π-π键合作用、氢键作用、酸碱吸附作用等是影响MOFs吸附过程的重要参数或机理,而通过对MOFs进行有目的的功能化改性可以提升MOFs对目标污染物的吸附性能;最后展望了MOFs吸附去除环境污染物今后的研究热点。

关键词: 金属有机骨架材料, 环境污染物, 吸附

Abstract: Due to the high specific surface area,high/tunable porosity,controllable structure,open metal sites and the possibility to functionalize,metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as promising adsorption materials have attracted considerable attention in recent decade. This critical review focuses on the progress in the applications of MOFs in adsorption removal of organic pollutants/heavy metal ion from wastewater and sulfur-containing compounds (SCCs)/nitrogen-containing compounds (NCCs) from fuel. The adsorption properties of MOFs for different hazardous materials and adsorption mechanism were discussed. It was demonstrated that the porosity,pore size and the central metal ions was important for the adsorption,which was found to proceed through a number of different mechanisms such as electrostatic interactions,π-π stacking/interactions,acid-base interactions and hydrogen bonding. The adsorption properties can be promoted by the functional modification of MOFs. The research trend in the future was also prospected.

Key words: metal-organic frameworks, hazardous materials, adsorption

中图分类号:

TB383

李小娟, 何长发, 黄斌, 林振宇, 刘以凡, 林春香. 金属有机骨架材料吸附去除环境污染物的进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(02): 586-594.

LI Xiaojuan, HE Changfa, HUANG Bin, LIN Zhenyu, LIU Yifan, LIN Chunxiang. Progress in the applications of metal-organic frameworks in adsorption removal of hazardous materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(02): 586-594.

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