废旧锂离子电池中钴、锂的回收研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016-2390

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着锂离子电池产业发展，废旧锂离子电池所带来的环境及资源问题日益突出，废旧锂离子电池中有价金属的资源化、无害化处理逐渐成为国内外的研究热点。为实现废旧锂离子电池中钴、锂资源绿色高效回收，本文介绍了废旧锂离子电池中有价金属回收的研究现状，主要包括预处理、正极材料处理、浸出液回收等环节，着重评述了各环节中新方法及工艺，简要对比了各方法及工艺的优缺点。现阶段研究主要集中于湿法浸出回收工艺，酸-还原剂为典型浸出模型，而动力学控制、离子转移路径等机理方面欠缺。最后展望了今后废旧锂离子电池中钴、锂资源回收研究方向，下一步主要是朝着有机酸浸-沉淀获得优质产品方向发展，需着重强化浸出效率、提升沉淀指标、简化工艺条件，以利于产业化推广。

关键词: 废旧锂离子电池, 钴, 锂, 回收, 再生

Abstract: With the development of lithium ion batteries industry,some issues related to the spent lithium ion batteries(LIBs) such as environment pollution and resource recovery have gradually been significant. How to efficiently recover and reuse valuable metals in spent LIBs in a harmless way has become one of the focused issues across the world. In order to obtain a green and efficient recovery of valuable metals such as cobalt and lithium,the recovery processes of valuable metals in spent LIBs are introduced,including pretreatment,cathode material treatment and recovery of cobalt and lithium from leaching solution. New methods and technologies for each process are reviewed with emphasis as well as their advantages/disadvantages. Recently,the hydrometallurgical leaching process with a typical model of acid-reductant was the main method for recovery of spent LIBs. However,little work has been made on the leaching mechanism such as kinetic control and ions transfer path. The research prospects on the methods are also put forward. In order to promote the industrialization for recovery of spent LIBs,the research of organic acid leaching and product precipitating should be paid more attention,with the focus on enhancing leaching efficiency,increasing precipitation index and simplifying process condition.

Key words: spent lithium ions batteries, cobalt, lithium, recovery, regeneration

中图分类号:

TF11

孟奇, 张英杰, 董鹏, 梁风. 废旧锂离子电池中钴、锂的回收研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(09): 3485-3491.

MENG Qi, ZHANG Yingjie, DONG Peng, LIANG Feng. Recovery of Co and Li from spent lithium ion batteries[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(09): 3485-3491.

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