多源瓦斯安全混合蓄热氧化余热利用技术

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-1434

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多源瓦斯安全混合蓄热氧化余热利用技术是一种新兴的能源回收与利用方法，通过多种瓦斯源的安全混合和蓄热氧化过程，实现余热的高效回收和利用。当前，该技术尚处于发展阶段，本文综述了其研究进展和应用现状。首先，介绍了煤矿瓦斯的来源、特性及其对安全管理的影响，分析了瓦斯的生物成因和热成因及其物理化学性质。随后，探讨了多源瓦斯安全混合蓄热氧化技术的理论基础，包括热力学和化学动力学原理。最后，说明了该技术的关键环节，包括蓄热材料选择、反应器设计和控制系统的优化。该技术未来的发展方向为进一步提升蓄热技术的稳定性，同时加强智能化管理与控制技术的应用，实现多学科交叉，从而能够提高瓦斯的利用率，为实现煤矿安全生产提供坚实保障并显著提高经济效益。

关键词: 多源瓦斯, 蓄热氧化, 余热利用, 经济效益, 安全混合

Abstract:

Multi-source gas safe-mixing thermal storage oxidation waste heat utilization technology is an emerging method for energy recovery and utilization. It achieves efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat through the safe mixing and thermal storage oxidation process of multiple gas sources. Currently, this technology is still in its developmental stage, and this article provides an overview of its research progress and application status. Firstly, the sources and characteristics of coal mine gas, and its impact on safety management are introduced, and the biological and thermal origins, as well as their physical and chemical properties, are analyzed. Subsequently, the theoretical basis of multi-source gas safe-mixing thermal storage oxidation technology is explored, with a focus on thermodynamic and chemical kinetic principles. Finally, the key technical aspects of this technology are explained, including the selection of thermal storage materials, reactor design, and optimization of control systems. The future development direction of this technology should focus on further enhancing the stability of thermal storage technology, strengthening the application of intelligent management and control technology, and achieving interdisciplinary integration to improve the utilization rate of gas, reduce safety hazards, provide solid guarantees for coal mine safety production, and significantly improve economic benefits.

Key words: multi-source gas, thermal storage oxidation, waste heat utilization, economic performance, safe-mixing

中图分类号:

TD984

张继达, 袁君, 乔红斌, 王金海, 杨俊辉, 蔡振义, 马中成. 多源瓦斯安全混合蓄热氧化余热利用技术[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(S1): 102-111.

ZHANG Jida, YUAN Jun, QIAO Hongbin, WANG Jinhai, YANG Junhui, CAI Zhenyi, MA Zhongcheng. Research on the utilization technology of multi-source gas safe-mixing thermal storage oxidation waste heat[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(S1): 102-111.

图/表 7

图1 不同浓度煤矿瓦斯的处理方式示意图

图2 陶瓷蓄热材料

图3 PCM的熔化温度和焓变

图4 蓄热装置原理及网格[28]

图5 泡沫金属蓄热材料

图6 低浓度瓦斯安全动态混配原理[41]（箭头表示瓦斯流向）

图7 声发射（AE）、电磁共振（EMR）和气体浓度突出风险监测系统的结构和传感器布局[43]

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