化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 3432-3442.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0664

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    

低温等离子体协同催化转化生物质气化焦油研究进展

许志成1(), 高宁博1(), 全翠1,3, 宋庆彬2   

  1. 1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西 西安 710049
    2.澳门科技大学创新工程学院,澳门海岸带生态环境国家野外科学观测研究站,澳门 999078
    3.陕西威环能科技有限公司,陕西 西安 710086
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-19 修回日期:2024-09-04 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-08
  • 通讯作者: 高宁博
  • 作者简介:许志成(1994—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为固废资源化利用。E-mail:Kylezcxu@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52376207);国家自然科学基金(52276211);陕西省技术创新引导计划(2024QCY-KXJ-046)

Research progress on synergistic catalytic conversion of biomass gasification tar by non-thermal plasma

XU Zhicheng1(), GAO Ningbo1(), QUAN Cui1,3, SONG Qingbin2   

  1. 1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
    2.National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao, Faculty of Innovation Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China
    3.Shaanxi Weihuanneng Technology Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710086, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2024-04-19 Revised:2024-09-04 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-08
  • Contact: GAO Ningbo

摘要:

生物质作为一种可再生能源,在全球能源结构中占据重要地位,其通过热化学转化过程生产合成气极具应用价值,但过程中产生的焦油问题严重制约了合成气品质和生物质气化技术的商业化进程。在多种焦油去除方法中,催化重整因其能有效将焦油分解为有价值的气体产物而备受关注。然而,高温条件下的催化剂失活问题仍是亟待解决的关键挑战。低温等离子体(non-thermal plasma,NTP)处理技术因其能够在较低温度下进行高效的焦油分解而显得尤为具有吸引力。通过与非均相催化剂结合形成耦合体系,NTP可以显著增强催化剂活性和稳定性,减少不利副产物生成并提升产物选择性。本文系统阐述了单纯催化体系中焦油重整催化剂的优化及其失活机理,深入探讨了不同NTP与催化剂催化耦合体系对焦油重整效率及机理的优化作用。最后,本文讨论了未来NTP催化技术在生物质气化焦油重整领域的应用前景,强调了从催化剂设计与制备到实际操作工艺参数优化的重要性,以期推动生物质气化产业的持续发展和技术升级。

关键词: 生物质, 气化焦油, 低温等离子体, 催化重整, 协同作用

Abstract:

Biomass, as a renewable energy source, holds a significant position in the global energy due to its potential for producing syngas through thermochemical conversion processes. However, tar formation during this process severely hampers the quality of synthesis gas and impedes the commercialization of biomass gasification technology. Among various tar removal methods, catalytic reforming has garnered substantial attention because it can effectively decompose tar into valuable gaseous products. Notwithstanding, catalyst deactivation under high-temperature conditions remains a critical challenge to be addressed. The synergistic use of non-thermal plasma (NTP) catalysis stands out as particularly promising due to its capability to efficiently decompose tar at lower temperatures. By coupling with heterogeneous catalysts, NTP can significantly enhance catalyst activity and stability, reduce the formation of unfavorable byproducts, and improve product selectivity. This paper systematically reviews the optimization of tar reforming catalysts in conventional catalytic systems, including their deactivation mechanisms, and further delves into the synergistic effects of different combinations of NTP and catalyst systems on tar reforming efficiency and mechanisms. Ultimately, the paper discusses the prospects of applying NTP catalytic technology in the field of biomass gasification tar reforming, emphasizing the importance of catalyst design and preparation, as well as the optimization of practical operating parameters, in order to propel the sustainable development and technological advancement of the biomass gasification industry.

Key words: biomass, gasification tar, non-thermal plasma, catalytic reforming, synergistic effect

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