磷Ⅱ型无水石膏制备及活性联合激发基础研究

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-2167

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以磷石膏为研究对象，首先借助差热分析确定了适宜煅烧温度，并研究保温时间、粉磨细度与磷Ⅱ型无水石膏（AⅡ）活性关系；其次，以强化AⅡ水化硬化、强度提升为目的，优选激发剂与表面活性剂复配并对其协同激发效应进行研究。结果表明：2.0%钾明矾和1.5‰LA-1复配效果最好，2.0%钾明矾单掺、2.0%钾明矾和1.5‰LA-1复配28d抗压强度分别为26.1MPa、36.5MPa，抗压强度提升了39.85%；通过体系的水化率和石膏颗粒表面zeta电位绝对值随表面活性剂掺量变化规律，结合SEM对其微观形貌进行分析，复配激发剂改变了石膏颗粒表面zeta电位绝对值，加速了AⅡ的水化，并且使少量生成的二水石膏晶型由原本的棱柱状转变为较为细小的棒状结构填补在棱柱状晶型交错的孔隙之间，进而使整体形成更致密结构。

关键词: 磷Ⅱ型无水石膏, 激发剂, 表面活性剂, zeta电位, 水化率

Abstract:

In this paper, phosphogypsum was taken as the research object. Firstly, the suitable calcination temperature was determined by differential thermal analysis, and the relationship between holding time, grinding fineness and AⅡ activity was studied. Secondly, in order to strengthen the hydration hardening and strength improvement of AⅡ, the combination of activator and surfactant was optimized and its synergistic excitation effect was investigated. The results showed that the combination of 2.0% potassium alum and 1.5‰ LA-1 had the best effect. The 28d compressive strength of 2.0% potassium alum, 2.0% potassium alum and 1.5‰ LA-1 was 26.1 MPa and 36.5 MPa, respectively, and the compressive strength increased by 38.71%. Through the change law of the hydration rate of the system and the absolute value of the zeta potential on the surface of the gypsum particles with the amount of surfactant, and the analysis of its microscopic morphology combined with SEM, the compound activator changed the absolute value of the zeta potential on the surface of the gypsum particles, accelerated the hydration of AII, and made a small amount of generated dihydrate gypsum crystal form from the original prismatic to a relatively small rod-like structure to fill in the interlaced pores of the prismatic crystal form, thereby forming a denser structure as a whole.

Key words: anhydrite-Ⅱ phosphogypsum (AⅡ), activator, surfactant, zeta potential, hydration rate

中图分类号:

TU526

毕强, 梅毅, 夏举佩. 磷Ⅱ型无水石膏制备及活性联合激发基础研究[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(10): 5427-5435.

BI Qiang, MEI Yi, XIA Jupei. Basic research on preparation and activity combined excitation of anhydrite-Ⅱ phosphogypsum[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(10): 5427-5435.

图/表 13

表1 磷石膏化学成分分析

组成	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	SO₃	MgO	TiO₂	F^-	P₂O₅	结晶水
质量分数/%	12.71	0.51	0.23	28.18	39.39	0.17	0.10	0.12	0.43	17.26

图1 磷石膏XRD分析

图2 磷石膏差热和800℃煅烧产物XRD分析

表2 800℃煅烧产物化学成分分析

组成	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	SO₃	MgO	TiO₂	F^-	P₂O₅	烧失量
质量分数/%	15.63	0.75	0.42	34.64	45.21	0.21	0.14	0	0	1.46

图3 不同煅烧时间对AⅡ抗折抗压影响

图4 比表面积对AⅡ性能影响

图5 不同掺量钾明矾对AⅡ抗折抗压影响

图6 不同掺量LA-1协配对AⅡ抗折抗压影响

图7 不同掺量LAS协配对AⅡ抗折抗压影响

表3 不同条件下AⅡ水化率（H）

激发剂	水化率/%
激发剂	1d	3d	7d	28d
空白组	1.60	2.93	20.29	25.92
2%钾明矾	36.22	75.64	76.90	77.28
2%钾明矾+1.5‰LA-1	36.09	75.87	77.22	86.93
2%钾明矾+0.5‰LAS	37.83	75.74	78.36	86.83

图8 表面活性剂掺量对石膏颗粒表面zeta电位影响

图9 不同激发条件下石膏水化3d的SEM图片

图10 不同激发条件下石膏水化28d的SEM图片

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