终温对油基钻屑热解产物分布和特性影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1921

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 4929-4938.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1921

终温对油基钻屑热解产物分布和特性影响

邵志国¹(), 任雯¹, 许世佩¹^,²(), 聂凡¹, 许毓¹, 刘龙杰¹, 谢水祥¹, 李兴春¹, 王庆吉¹, 谢加才¹

^1.中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司，北京 102206
^2.中节能工程技术研究院有限公司，北京 100082

收稿日期:2022-10-17 修回日期:2022-12-07 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2023-09-28
通讯作者: 许世佩
作者简介:邵志国（1982—)，男，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为含油固体废物处理与资源化技术。E-mail：shaozhiguo003@163.com。
基金资助:
中国石油天然气集团有限公司“十四五”前瞻基础重大科技项目(2021DJ6605);中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院创新课题(RISE2022KY03)

Influence of final temperature on the distribution and characteristics of oil-based drilling cuttings pyrolysis products

SHAO Zhiguo¹(), REN Wen¹, XU Shipei¹^,²(), NIE Fan¹, XU Yu¹, LIU Longjie¹, XIE Shuixiang¹, LI Xingchun¹, WANG Qingji¹, XIE Jiacai¹

^1.CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing 102206, China
^2.Engineering Technology Research Institute Co. , Ltd. of CECEP, Beijing 100082, China

Received:2022-10-17 Revised:2022-12-07 Online:2023-09-15 Published:2023-09-28
Contact: XU Shipei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

页岩气开发处理过程中会产生大量对生态环境和人体健康造成严重危害的油基钻屑。为了实现油基钻屑的资源化利用，本文研究了热解终温对油基钻屑热解产物分布和特性的影响。结果表明，油基钻屑中的油水轻组分在50~250℃之间受热汽化逸出，碳酸盐在450℃之后大量分解，油基钻屑中的硫元素在气相中主要以H₂S形式存在。随着热处理温度升高，固相残渣收率明显降低，气相收率明显升高，油水收率缓慢升高。测试结果表明，在热解温度不低于300℃时，油基钻屑残渣的含油量可降低至0.3%（质量分数）以下。热解回收油组成主要为白油，沸程与柴油相当，油品品质优秀。油基钻屑热解的气体总产量随着热解温度的升高逐步升高。结果认为，在油基钻屑热解工业化的过程中，应该控制热解终温保持在450℃以下，以避免能量的浪费和有害气体的逸出，同时增加传热效率，保证物料热解完全。

关键词: 油基钻屑, 热解, 红外加热, 产物分析, 环境保护

Abstract:

A large number of oil-based drilling cuttings, which may cause serious harm to the ecological environment and human health, were produced during the process of shale gas exploitation. In order to realize the resource utilization of oil-based drilling cuttings, the influence of pyrolysis final temperature on the distribution and characteristics of oil-based drilling cuttings products was studied. The results showed that oil and gas desorbed substantially between 50℃ and 250℃, and the carbonate decomposed substantially above 450℃ gradually, and the sulfur elements in the oil-based drilling cuttings escaped to gas phase above 450℃, mainly in the form of H₂S. At the thermal desorption temperature higher than 300℃, the oil content of the oil-based drilling cutting residuals decreased to below 0.3%. The thermal desorption recovery oil was mainly composed of white oil with a moderate boiling points range equivalent to diesel oil. The total gas yield increased with the increase of thermal desorption temperature. This study could provide basic data for the design of process and device of oil based drilling cuttings thermal desorption.

Key words: oil based drilling cuttings, thermal desorption, infrared heating, products distribution, environmental protection

中图分类号:

TE992.3

邵志国, 任雯, 许世佩, 聂凡, 许毓, 刘龙杰, 谢水祥, 李兴春, 王庆吉, 谢加才. 终温对油基钻屑热解产物分布和特性影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4929-4938.

SHAO Zhiguo, REN Wen, XU Shipei, NIE Fan, XU Yu, LIU Longjie, XIE Shuixiang, LI Xingchun, WANG Qingji, XIE Jiacai. Influence of final temperature on the distribution and characteristics of oil-based drilling cuttings pyrolysis products[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 4929-4938.

图/表 16

参考文献 33

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分类	处理方法	目标污染物	初始污染物浓度/g·kg^-1	去除率/%	参考文献
生物处理	鼠李糖脂增强洗涤	TPH	5.939	76.8	[12]
	堆肥、牛胆汁和细菌培养的组合	TPH	30	99.7	[13]
	溶剂清洗后生物处理	TPH	16.5	87.1	[14]
	生物表面活性剂基洗涤与生物降解结合	TPH	85	85.1	[15]
高级氧化	电动力-Fenton氧化	TPH	316	77.0	[16]
	超临界水氧化	PAHs	290	91.0	[17]
	超临界水氧化	TOC	200	83.9	[18]
	近/超临界水氧化	TOC	200	69.5	[19]
	以城市污水污泥为稀释剂超临界水氧化	TOC	200	98.4	[20]
	脉冲介电势垒放电等离子体	油	165.372	61.8	[21]
	脱硫化分离-芬顿氧化反应的结合	TPH	93.8	85.1	[22]
热解处理	微波热解	TPH	67.8	98.5	[23]
	微波热解	TPH	160	95.0	[24]
	与聚氯乙烯共热解	油	34.7	93.5	[25]
	与酒糟共热解	油	68.9	99.3	[26]

分类	处理方法	目标污染物	初始污染物浓度/g·kg^-1	去除率/%	参考文献
生物处理	鼠李糖脂增强洗涤	TPH	5.939	76.8	[12]
	堆肥、牛胆汁和细菌培养的组合	TPH	30	99.7	[13]
	溶剂清洗后生物处理	TPH	16.5	87.1	[14]
	生物表面活性剂基洗涤与生物降解结合	TPH	85	85.1	[15]
高级氧化	电动力-Fenton氧化	TPH	316	77.0	[16]
	超临界水氧化	PAHs	290	91.0	[17]
	超临界水氧化	TOC	200	83.9	[18]
	近/超临界水氧化	TOC	200	69.5	[19]
	以城市污水污泥为稀释剂超临界水氧化	TOC	200	98.4	[20]
	脉冲介电势垒放电等离子体	油	165.372	61.8	[21]
	脱硫化分离-芬顿氧化反应的结合	TPH	93.8	85.1	[22]
热解处理	微波热解	TPH	67.8	98.5	[23]
	微波热解	TPH	160	95.0	[24]
	与聚氯乙烯共热解	油	34.7	93.5	[25]
	与酒糟共热解	油	68.9	99.3	[26]

收率/%	温度/℃
0.5	206
5	223
10	231
20	243
30	253
40	261
50	268
60	274
70	280
80	288
90	308
95	326
99.5	486

收率/%	温度/℃
0.5	206
5	223
10	231
20	243
30	253
40	261
50	268
60	274
70	280
80	288
90	308
95	326
99.5	486

样品	物料组成（收到基）				工业分析（干燥基）				元素分析（干燥基）
样品	含水率	含油率	固含量		挥发分	灰分	固定碳		C	H	N	S
油基钻屑	9.1	16.6	74.3		20.38	76.94	2.68		13.76	1.32	0.15	4.05

终温对油基钻屑热解产物分布和特性影响

Influence of final temperature on the distribution and characteristics of oil-based drilling cuttings pyrolysis products

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参考文献 33

相关文章 15

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温度/℃	灰分质量分数/%	元素分析（质量分数）/%
温度/℃	灰分质量分数/%	C	H	N	S
250	82.30	8.26	0.39	0.17	3.74
300	82.66	8.13	0.38	0.17	3.91
350	83.17	7.88	0.36	0.16	4.03
400	83.25	7.79	0.32	0.15	4.00
450	83.86	7.54	0.29	0.15	3.90
550	86.87	7.04	0.24	0.12	3.82
650	89.85	6.67	0.18	0.11	3.70
750	95.80	5.58	0.17	0.10	3.67

温度/℃	元素分析（质量分数）/%				氢碳原子比
温度/℃	C	H	N	S	氢碳原子比
250	84.93	14.46	0.39	0.23	2.04
300	84.98	14.46	0.39	0.18	2.07
350	85.03	14.08	0.60	0.30	2.04
400	85.36	14.08	0.37	0.20	1.99
450	85.04	14.19	0.57	0.20	1.98
550	84.85	14.54	0.45	0.16	2.00
650	84.78	14.52	0.49	0.22	2.06
750	84.84	14.70	0.30	0.16	2.06

油品	元素分析（质量分数）/%			氢碳原子比
油品	C	H	N+S	氢碳原子比
回收油平均值	84.98	14.38	0.65	2.03
俄罗斯原油	85.62	12.65	1.73	1.77
大庆原油	85.78	13.17	1.05	1.84

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