基于钙钛矿氧化物的金属纳米粒子溶出策略：溶出过程、驱动力及控制策略

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1418

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

负载型金属纳米粒子已广泛应用在与能量转化及储存相关的催化过程。但是，浸渍、沉积法制备的金属纳米粒子尺寸和分布难以控制，在应用中易因烧结、积炭等问题失活。溶出策略制备的金属纳米粒子镶嵌在母体表面，尺寸均匀，具有更强的金属-载体作用，为解决上述问题提供了一条可行之路。本文从钙钛矿的溶出现象出发，综述了金属纳米粒子的溶出过程及其应用优势，并介绍了氧空位、相变和吉布斯自由能在溶出中的驱动作用。然后，从材料自身特性和还原条件阐明了溶出控制策略。最后总结了溶出型催化剂的应用进展。然而，在金属粒子溶出机制、性质调控方面，仍需结合原位技术和理论计算进行深入研究。

关键词: 纳米粒子, 金属溶出, 钙钛矿, 氧空位, 相变, 催化

Abstract:

Supported metal nanoparticles have been widely applied in catalytic processes related to energy conversion and storage. However, the size and distribution of metal nanoparticles prepared by impregnation and deposition are difficult to control. The metal nanoparticles catalysts are often deactivated due to sintering, carbon deposition and other problems in operation. The exsolution strategy is expected to provide a feasible way to solve the above problems. The exsolved metal nanoparticles are embedded and evenly distributed on the surface of the oxide matrix, which can provide a strong metal-support interaction and effectively alleviate sintering and coking. Based on the metal exsolution of perovskites, this paper summarizes the characteristics and formation process of exsolved metal nanoparticles and introduced the driving forces of oxygen vacancy, phase transition and Gibbs free energy in the exsolution process. Then, the effective methods to control exsolution are proposed from the characteristics of the matrix and the reduction conditions. Finally, the application progress of exsolution strategy is discussed. However, the exsolution mechanism and properties regulation of metal nanoparticles needed to be further studied by combining in situ characterization technology and theoretical calculation. This paper provides an important reference for optimizing the surface properties of metal nanoparticles and developing high-performance catalysts.

Key words: nanoparticles, metal exsolution, perovskites, oxygen vacancy, phase transition, catalysis

中图分类号:

TQ426.8

董晓珊, 王建, 林法伟, 颜蓓蓓, 陈冠益. 基于钙钛矿氧化物的金属纳米粒子溶出策略：溶出过程、驱动力及控制策略[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3049-3065.

DONG Xiaoshan, WANG Jian, LIN Fawei, YAN Beibei, CHEN Guanyi. Exsolved metal nanoparticles on perovskite oxides: exsolution, driving force and control strategy[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(6): 3049-3065.

图/表 2

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