高速动压机械密封静环辅助O形圈密封和微动补偿性能分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0975

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

动压机械密封静环需要具备轴向滑移、角向摆动的能力，其中的O形圈在滑移界面起密封和补偿作用，其设计的优劣对密封的稳定运转至关重要。为此本文建立微动补偿结构的有限元模型，分别分析了O形圈整体槽和分体槽两种典型补偿结构在平滑微动补偿工况和受振动干扰微动补偿工况下预压缩量、介质压力以及线径大小对O形圈密封性能及补偿特性的影响，并进行了试验验证。分析结果表明：影响静环补偿性能最主要的因素是O形圈压缩量和界面摩擦系数；分体槽补偿结构在补偿过程具有更好的追随性，更适用于高速、强振动工况，表现为具有更小的摩擦力且波动程度小。通过试验验证了分析结果，得到了O形圈优化补偿结构参数，在动压机械密封启动阶段，O形圈摩擦力最大，减小压缩量、改善补偿界面润滑状态可以有效降低摩擦力的波动量提高补偿性能，其中良好的润滑能有效降低摩擦力波动量20%以上。研究结果为高速动压机械密封微动补偿结构设计提供了参考。

关键词: 动压机械密封, 静环, O形辅助密封圈, 密封性能, 微动补偿

Abstract:

The dynamic pressure mechanical seal stator needs the ability of axial sliding and angular swing. The O-ring in the sliding interface plays the role of sealing and compensation. The quality of its design is very important to the stable operation of the seal. Therefore, the finite element model of the fretting compensation structure was established, and the pre-compression amount of the two typical compensation structures of the O-ring integral groove and the split groove in the smooth micro compensation condition and the vibration disturbance micro compensation condition were analyzed respectively. The effects of medium pressure and wire diameter on the sealing performance and compensation characteristics of O-rings were tested and verified. The analysis results showed that the most important factors affecting the compensation performance of the static ring were the compression amount of the O-ring and the interface friction coefficient. The split groove compensation structure had better followability in the compensation process, more suitable for high-speed, and stronger vibration conditions. The friction force and the degree of fluctuation was smaller. The analysis results were verified by experiments, and the optimal compensation structure parameters of the O-ring were obtained. During the start-up stage of the dynamic pressure mechanical seal, the friction of the O-ring was the largest. Reducing the compression amount and improving the lubrication state of the compensation interface can effectively reduce the fluctuation of the friction force. To improve the compensation performance, good lubrication can effectively reduce the frictional force fluctuation by more than 20%. The research results provide a reference for the design of the micro compensation structure of the high-speed dynamic pressure mechanical seal.

Key words: hydrodynamic mechanical seal, stator, secondary O-ring seal, sealing performance, micro compensation

中图分类号:

TH117.1

黄柏淇, 李双喜, 闫欣欣, 古彦飞, 刘兴华, 宋子锋. 高速动压机械密封静环辅助O形圈密封和微动补偿性能分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1206-1216.

HUANG Baiqi, LI Shuangxi, YAN Xinxin, GU Yanfei, LIU Xinghua, SONG Zifeng. Performance analysis of stator secondary O-ring seal and compensation for micro-motion of high-speed dynamic pressure mechanical seal[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(3): 1206-1216.

图/表 18

图1 高速动压机械密封原理1—石墨静环；2—O形圈；3—静环座；4—弹簧垫片；5—弹簧

表1 结构参数与分析参数

结构参数	值	分析参数	值
O形圈直径d/mm	2.65	摩擦系数f	0.1
沟槽深度h/mm	2.1	预压缩量ε/%	7.5
沟槽宽度B/mm	3	介质压力p/MPa	0.1

图2 高速动压机械密封O形圈微动补偿计算模型

表2 分析材料物性

名称	密度ρ/kg·m^-3	弹性模量E/MPa	泊松比μ
NBR	1200	7.8	0.49
S30408	7900	2.1×10⁵	0.3
M120D	2400	1.13×10⁴	0.27

图3 约束载荷施加示意图

图4 动态载荷函数曲线

图5 压缩量8%，模型接触面接触应力验证

图6 等效应力云图

图7 接触应力云图

图8 介质压力和预压缩量对接触应力的影响

图9 介质压力和预压缩量对摩擦的影响

图10 窜动工况下密封主面的接触应力

图11 振动工况接触应力时变曲线

图12 振动工况接触应力波动量

图13 振动工况对摩擦力的影响规律

图14 O形圈补偿性能试验装置

图15 O形圈补偿性能试验摩擦力变化曲线

图16 不同影响因素下试验摩擦力波动量变化

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