阳离子型表面活性剂与聚合物复配体系协同减阻作用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1269

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 2593-2603.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1269

阳离子型表面活性剂与聚合物复配体系协同减阻作用

袁颖¹(), 敬加强¹^,²(), 尹然¹, 张明³, 韩力⁴, 赖天华⁵

^1.西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院，四川成都 610500
^2.油气消防四川省重点实验室，四川成都 611731
^3.中海油研究总院有限责任公司，北京 100028
^4.中国石油新疆油田公司实验检测研究院，新疆克拉玛依 834000
^5.西南石油大学工程训练中心，四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2021-06-17 修回日期:2021-08-23 出版日期:2022-05-05 发布日期:2022-05-24
通讯作者: 敬加强
作者简介:袁颖（1993—），女，博士研究生，研究方向为湍流减阻、油气多相流。E-mail：1294304029@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(U19B2012);四川省科技计划(2019YJ0350)

Synergistic drag reduction effect of cationic surfactant and polymer compound system

YUAN Ying¹(), JING Jiaqiang¹^,²(), YIN Ran¹, ZHANG Ming³, HAN Li⁴, LAI Tianhua⁵

^1.School of Petroleum Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
^2.Oil & Gas Fire Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
^3.CNOOC Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100028
^4.Experimental Testing Institute, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China
^5.Engineering Training Center, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China

Received:2021-06-17 Revised:2021-08-23 Online:2022-05-05 Published:2022-05-24
Contact: JING Jiaqiang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究阳离子型表面活性剂和聚合物复配体系的协同减阻作用，以阳离子型表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（CTAC）和聚合物聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）为研究对象，设计搭建多功能湍流减阻实验测试装置，实验分析聚合物离子类型对复配体系协同减阻的影响，优选复配体系，进一步研究复配体系协同减阻作用随表面活性剂浓度、聚合物浓度、温度的变化规律。实验结果表明：CPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用>AmPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用>NPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用>APAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系协同减阻作用。CPAM-CTAC/NaSal复配体系的协同减阻作用在CTAC/NaSal浓度达到聚合物饱和浓度（PSP）0.3g/L时到达顶峰，平均减阻效率高达69.22%；当CTAC/NaSal浓度增加至0.5g/L后，平均减阻率迅速减小至10.08%，复配体系的临界广义雷诺数亦迅速降至7535.20，抗剪切性减弱。随着CPAM浓度由0.05g/L增加到0.2g/L，减阻破坏区减阻率可由9.08%增加至57.49%，临界广义雷诺数由31272.43增加到45033.36，抗剪切性增强；当CPAM浓度超过第二临界缔合浓度（CAC Ⅱ）0.15g/L后，减阻破坏区减阻率增加趋势及抗剪切性增强趋势均变缓。此外，相较于单一减阻剂，复配体系耐温性显著增强，55℃时最大减阻率增至69.05%。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 聚合物, 湍流, 离子类型, 协同减阻

Abstract:

In order to explore the synergistic drag reduction effect of composite system of cationic surfactant and polymer, the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) and polymer polyacrylamide (PAM) were as the research objects. The multi-functional turbulent drag reduction experimental apparatus was designed and built, which was applied to study the effect of polymer ion type on the synergistic drag reduction of the compound system, optimize the compound system and analyze the effect of surfactant concentration/polymer concentration on the synergistic drag reduction of the compound system. The experimental results showed that synergistic drag reduction effect of different ion types PAM and CATC/NaSal compound system was presented as CPAM>AmPAM>NPAM>APAM and the CPAM-CTAC/NaSal was the optimal compound system. When the CTAC/NaSal concentration was 0.3g/L of PSP, the synergistic drag reduction effect of the CPAM-CTAC/NaSal compound system was the strongest, the DR and shear resistance reached its peak, and the average drag reduction rate was as high as 69.22%. When CTAC/NaSal increased to 0.5g/L, the average drag reduction rate quickly decreased to 10.08%, the critical generalized Reynolds number of the compound system also quickly dropped to 7535.20, and the shear resistance was weakened. As the CPAM concentration increased from 0.05g/L to 0.2g/L, the drag reduction rate in the drag reduction damage zone can increase from 9.08% to 57.49% with increasing critical generalized Reynolds number from 31272.43 to 45033.36, and the shear resistance was enhanced. When the CPAM concentration exceeded the second critical association concentration (CAC Ⅱ) 0.15g/L, the increasing trend of the drag reduction rate in the damage zone of drag reduction and shear resistance slowed down. In addition, compared with a single drag reducer, the temperature resistance of the compound system was significantly enhanced and the maximum drag reduction efficiency at 55℃ was increased to 69.05%.

Key words: surfactant, polymer, turbulent flow, ionic types, synergistic drag reduction

中图分类号:

TE08

袁颖, 敬加强, 尹然, 张明, 韩力, 赖天华. 阳离子型表面活性剂与聚合物复配体系协同减阻作用[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2593-2603.

YUAN Ying, JING Jiaqiang, YIN Ran, ZHANG Ming, HAN Li, LAI Tianhua. Synergistic drag reduction effect of cationic surfactant and polymer compound system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(5): 2593-2603.

图/表 11

参考文献 37

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试剂	代号	分子式	分子量	离子类型	离子度	纯度	来源
十六烷基三甲基氯化铵	CTAC	C₁₉H₄₂ClN	319.99	阳离子	—	≥90.0%	成都科隆化工试剂厂
十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵	DDBAC	C₂₁H₃₈NCl	340.00	阳离子	—	≥90.0%	山东优索化工
水杨酸钠	NaSal	C₇H₅O₃Na	160.10	—	—	99.5%	成都科隆化工试剂厂
阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺	CPAM	(C₃H₅NO) _n	—	阳离子	30	≥90.0%	科洁环保
阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺	APAM		6×10⁶	阴离子	—	≥90.0%
两性离子型聚丙烯酰胺	AmPAM		—	两性离子	—	≥90.0%
非离子型聚丙烯酰胺	NPAM		—	非离子	—	≥90.0%

试剂	代号	分子式	分子量	离子类型	离子度	纯度	来源
十六烷基三甲基氯化铵	CTAC	C₁₉H₄₂ClN	319.99	阳离子	—	≥90.0%	成都科隆化工试剂厂
十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵	DDBAC	C₂₁H₃₈NCl	340.00	阳离子	—	≥90.0%	山东优索化工
水杨酸钠	NaSal	C₇H₅O₃Na	160.10	—	—	99.5%	成都科隆化工试剂厂
阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺	CPAM	(C₃H₅NO) _n	—	阳离子	30	≥90.0%	科洁环保
阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺	APAM		6×10⁶	阴离子	—	≥90.0%
两性离子型聚丙烯酰胺	AmPAM		—	两性离子	—	≥90.0%
非离子型聚丙烯酰胺	NPAM		—	非离子	—	≥90.0%

Re′	DR/%						Δ/%
Re′	溶液1	溶液2	溶液3	溶液4	溶液5	溶液6	Δ_溶液2	Δ_溶液3	Δ_溶液4	Δ_溶液5	Δ_溶液6
16334.00	42.52	51.29	53.84	65.97	64.60	12.40	20.65	26.63	55.17	51.95	-70.84
24951.14	44.16	63.93	61.39	70.17	69.01	10.06	44.78	39.03	58.92	56.27	-77.23
31642.92	44.60	60.90	66.82	71.52	71.03	7.80	36.56	49.84	60.38	59.28	-82.53
平均值	43.75	58.71	60.68	69.22	68.21	10.08	34.00	38.50	58.16	55.83	-76.87

Re′	DR/%						Δ/%
Re′	溶液1	溶液2	溶液3	溶液4	溶液5	溶液6	Δ_溶液2	Δ_溶液3	Δ_溶液4	Δ_溶液5	Δ_溶液6
16334.00	42.52	51.29	53.84	65.97	64.60	12.40	20.65	26.63	55.17	51.95	-70.84
24951.14	44.16	63.93	61.39	70.17	69.01	10.06	44.78	39.03	58.92	56.27	-77.23
31642.92	44.60	60.90	66.82	71.52	71.03	7.80	36.56	49.84	60.38	59.28	-82.53
平均值	43.75	58.71	60.68	69.22	68.21	10.08	34.00	38.50	58.16	55.83	-76.87

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阳离子型表面活性剂与聚合物复配体系协同减阻作用

Synergistic drag reduction effect of cationic surfactant and polymer compound system

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