水悬浮造粒搅拌釜内气液固三相混合特性CFD模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0293

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 4556-4566.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2025-0293

• 反应器与过程装备的模拟与仿真 • 上一篇

水悬浮造粒搅拌釜内气液固三相混合特性CFD模拟

卢玉成¹^,²(), 黄涛¹^,², 罗亚军³, 刘佳辉³, 巩飞艳³, 严超宇¹(), 刘晓星²^,⁴()

^1.中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院，北京 102249
^2.中国科学院过程工程研究所介科学与工程全国重点实验室，北京 100190
^3.中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所，四川绵阳 621999
^4.中国科学院大学化学工程学院，北京 100049

收稿日期:2025-02-27 修回日期:2025-05-07 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-08
通讯作者: 严超宇,刘晓星
作者简介:卢玉成（2000—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为多相流数值模拟。E-mail：2023215627@student.cup.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22205222)

CFD modeling of gas-liquid-solid mixing characteristics in stirred tank for water-suspension granulation

LU Yucheng¹^,²(), HUANG Tao¹^,², LUO Yajun³, LIU Jiahui³, GONG Feiyan³, YAN Chaoyu¹(), LIU Xiaoxing²^,⁴()

^1.College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
^4.School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2025-02-27 Revised:2025-05-07 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-08
Contact: YAN Chaoyu, LIU Xiaoxing

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对含能材料水悬浮造粒工艺气液固三相搅拌过程，采用Eulerian多相流流体体积（VOF）模型对搅拌釜内气液相界面变化及固相分散行为进行了数值模拟，考察了转速和液相黏度对自由液面形态、固相浓度分布及固相速度分布变化的影响。结果表明，该模型能够合理预测具有自由液面的气液固三相搅拌过程；在250~350r/min转速内，提升转速有助于减少自由液面及边壁区域的固相富集，促进固相的均匀分散；当转速超过350r/min时，空气卷吸效应增强，大量气泡进入悬浮液。在0.001~0.1Pa·s液相黏度范围内，提高黏度可增强湍流剪切作用，抑制固相沉降，有利于固相的均匀悬浮；当液相黏度由0.1Pa·s增至0.5Pa·s时，固相流动性降低，不利于搅拌过程的稳定运行。本文为水悬浮造粒工艺的操作和优化提供了理论参考。

关键词: 含能材料, 水悬浮, 搅拌釜, 计算流体力学, 多相流

Abstract:

The gas-liquid interface evolution and solid dispersion in a gas-liquid-solid three-phase stirred tank for energetic material water-suspension granulation were investigated using an Eulerian multi-fluid VOF model. This study systematically examined the effects of rotational speed and liquid-phase viscosity on the free surface morphology, the distributions of the concentration and velocity of solid phase were investigated. The results showed that the model effectively captured the gas-liquid-solid three-phase stirring process involving a free surface. Within the stirring speed range of 250—350r/min, increasing stirring speed reduced the accumulation of solids in the regions near the free surface and the vessel walls and thus enhanced its uniform distribution. When the stirring speed was greater than 350r/min, the entrainment of air was intensified, leading to the existence of large bubbles inside the suspension liquid. Regarding viscosity effects, increasing viscosity could enhance turbulent shear effects within 0.001—0.1Pa·s, which effectively suppressed solid sedimentation and improved suspension homogeneity. When the liquid-phase viscosity increased from 0.1Pa·s to 0.5Pa·s, the reduced solid-phase mobility adversely affected the stability and efficiency of the stirring process. This study provided theoretical insights for the operation and optimization of the water-suspension granulation process.

Key words: energetic materials, water-suspension, stirred tank, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), multiphase flow

中图分类号:

TQ027

卢玉成, 黄涛, 罗亚军, 刘佳辉, 巩飞艳, 严超宇, 刘晓星. 水悬浮造粒搅拌釜内气液固三相混合特性CFD模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(8): 4556-4566.

LU Yucheng, HUANG Tao, LUO Yajun, LIU Jiahui, GONG Feiyan, YAN Chaoyu, LIU Xiaoxing. CFD modeling of gas-liquid-solid mixing characteristics in stirred tank for water-suspension granulation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(8): 4556-4566.

图/表 14

表1 KTGF模型参数设置

参数	设置
颗粒黏度（granular viscosity）	Syamlal等^[24]
颗粒体积黏度（granular bulk viscosity）	Lun等^[25]
固相压力（solid pressure）	Lun等^[25]
颗粒碰撞黏度（granular collisional viscosity）	Gidaspow等^[20]
摩擦黏度（frictional viscosity）	Schaeffer^[26]
摩擦压力（frictional pressure）	Johnson等^[27]
摩擦堆积极限（friction packing limit）	0.61
内摩擦角（angle of internal friction）	30
堆积极限（packing limit）	0.63
径向分布函数（radial distribution）	Lun等^[25]

图1 搅拌釜几何模型

图2 搅拌釜网格划分

图3 网格无关性验证

图4 颗粒分散实验与模拟对比

图5 液相速度、固相速度、固相体积分数轴向分布实验和模拟结果比较

图6 不同转速下自由液面变化

图7 不同转速下固相体积分数分布云图

图8 不同转速下固相体积分数轴向分布

图9 不同搅拌桨转速下固相速度的空间分布

图10 不同转速下固相速度轴向分布

图11 不同液相黏度自由液面变化

图12 不同黏度下固相体积分数的轴向分布

图13 不同黏度下固相速度轴向分布

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水悬浮造粒搅拌釜内气液固三相混合特性CFD模拟

CFD modeling of gas-liquid-solid mixing characteristics in stirred tank for water-suspension granulation

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