硝态氮/亚硝态型厌氧甲烷氧化在污染控制中的应用进展与探索

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1629

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硝态氮/亚硝态型厌氧甲烷氧化（NO_x-DAMO）过程在还原硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐的同时将甲烷氧化为二氧化碳，在全球碳氮循环中起着重要作用。从应用的角度看，利用NO_x-DAMO原理进行环境中甲烷和氮素污染控制也值得关注。本文介绍了在MBR和MBfR等反应器中应用NO_x-DAMO过程单独或与其他工艺联合处理模拟废水和实际废水的研究中，污染物去除速率和效率显示出了工程实用价值。指出基于NO_x-DAMO原理开发垃圾渗滤液和填埋气协同处理工艺、煤层气厌氧生物氧化工艺的研究值得探索，其可能为无规模利用价值的生活垃圾填埋气和煤层气的处理提供低成本和环境友好的解决方案。今后的研究方向应该是在继续深入NO_x-DAMO微生物的生理特性研究的同时，需要面向不同应用需求广泛开展工艺开发与优化研究。

关键词: 硝态氮/亚硝态型厌氧甲烷氧化, 生物技术, 废物处理, 甲烷, 填埋气, 渗滤液, 煤层气

Abstract:

The nitrate /nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (NO_x-DAMO) process plays an important role in the global carbon-nitrogen cycle by reducing nitrate/nitrite and oxidizing methane to carbon dioxide. From the application point of view, using NO_x-DAMO principle to control methane and nitrogen pollution in the environment is worthy of attention. The application of NO_x-DAMO process in membrane bioreactor, membrane biofilm reactor or combined with other bioprocess for wastewater treatment have gained many progresses. The removal rate and efficiency indicated its potential in practical application. Based on the principle of NO_x-DAMO, it is promising to utilize this bioprocess in the simultaneous treatment of landfill leachate and landfill gas or coalbed methane. The novel NO_x-DAMO process can provide low cost and environmentally friendly contaminant treatment strategy for methane without scale utilization value. While studying on the physiological characteristics of NO_x-DAMO microorganisms, it is necessary to pay more attention on technology research for different demands.

Key words: NO_x-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation, biotechnology, waste treatment, methane, landfill gas, leachate, coalbed methane

中图分类号:

卢培利, 王学文, 丁阿强, 李微薇, 熊敏, 张代钧. 硝态氮/亚硝态型厌氧甲烷氧化在污染控制中的应用进展与探索[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(7): 2850-2857.

Peili LU, Xuewen WANG, Aqiang DING, Weiwei LI, Min XIONG, Daijun ZHANG. Application and exploration of $N O 3 - / N O 2 -$ -dependent anaerobic methane oxidation in contamination control[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(7): 2850-2857.

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