关键词: 天然气, 液化, 制冷工艺

Abstract: In the world，natural gas liquefaction technology has developed for nearly a century，and has been applied in industry for more than half a century，which leads to many matured liquefaction processes. While in China，the technology is developing only in recent ten years. The kinds of natural gas liquefaction process and its industrial application situation are presented，and the process characteristics and facility size and application scope are analyzed to provide guidance for research and development of domestic natural gas liquefaction technology. Mixed refrigerant process (DMR and C3MR) and optimized cascade process are the main options in large-scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility construction，and DMR is a new type process with high efficiency and flexiblity. Throughout the world，the facilities are distributed in a wide geographical scope，the facility scale expands unceasingly，the facilities in planning and those completed in the past twenty years are mostly 3.0～6.5Mt/a per train and are constructed onshore. Moreover，along with the development of the resources exploitation technology，polar and deep ocean resources exploitation and utilization are growing sharply，which makes liquefaction technology adapted to extremely cold climate conditions and floating liquefaction become new research hot spots.

Key words: natural gas, liquefaction, refrigeration