关键词: 垃圾焚烧, 飞灰, 重金属, 水热法, 垃圾焚烧, 飞灰, 重金属, 水热法

Abstract: The treatment technologies of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash have mainly two categories：solidification/stabilization and extraction separation. The solidification/ stabilization technology mainly includes cement solidification，thermal treatment，chemical stabilization，and hydrothermal treatment. The characteristics of each technology was reviewed and compared in this paper. The extraction separation technology mainly includes biological/chemical extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. The cement solidification has the advantage of low cost，but the increase of solidification body volume can be a big concern. The thermal treatment technology does not increase the solidification body volume，but it has a high energy consumption and cost. The chemical stabilization technology is highly stable，synchronous solidification of several heavy metals is a challenge for this technology. The reaction conditions for biological/chemical extraction are relatively mild，but this technology is not cost effective either. The recycling of heavy metals can be achieved in the supercritical fluid extraction technology which requires high operational conditions and equipment maintenance. Considering the moderate requirements on operation and equipment maintenance and the high level of harmless and product recycling，the hydrothermal treatment technology could have a greater potential for future applications in the treatment of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash.

Key words: municipal solid waste incineration, fly ash, heavy metal, hydrothermal treatment, municipal solid waste incineration, fly ash, heavy metal, hydrothermal treatment