关键词: 有机废弃物, 生物质炭, 热解, 土壤改良, 吸附剂

Abstract: Biochar，a kind of multifunctional materials，has drawn much attention in recent years. In this paper，the main organic waste as feedstock and the main process for biochar production were reviewed. The physicochemical properties of biochar such as the element content，alkalinity，surface characterization and the microscopic pore structure were introduced. Also，the potential application of biochar in the field of agriculture and environment was summarized，such as the utilization of soil conditioner for improving fertility，enhancing carbon fixation and reducing greenhouse gas emission，and as an effective adsorbent for removing heavy metals and organic pollutants from wastewater. Finally，the future research direction of biochar was forecasted，which indicated that more studies should be focused on large-scale，efficient and low-cost production of biochar as soon as possible. Also，the specific surface area of biochar as the alternative of activated carbon should be enhanced in the field of material and process. Moreover，further investigation on the mechanism of improvement and restoration of soil，the promotion of growth and production of crops as well as the greenhouse gas reduction by the biochar is highly desirable，so as to provide the data support from the large amount and long-term experiments.

Key words: organic waste, biochar, pyrolysis, soil amendment, adsorbent