化工进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (04): 784-791.

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

  木质纤维素类生物质制取燃料及化学品的研究进展

  余  强,庄新姝,袁振宏,亓  伟,王  琼,谭雪松,许敬亮,张  宇,徐慧娟,马隆龙   

  1. 中国科学院广州能源研究所,中国科学院可再生能源与天然气水合物重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-09 修回日期:2011-11-03 出版日期:2012-04-05 发布日期:2012-04-05
  • 通讯作者: 余强

Research progress on fuel and chemicals production from
lignocellulose biomass

  YU QiangZHUANG XinshuYUAN ZhenhongQI WeiWANG QiongTAN Xuesong
XU JingliangZHANG YuXU HuijuanMA Longlong   

  1. Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,
    Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China
  • Received:2011-10-09 Revised:2011-11-03 Online:2012-04-05 Published:2012-04-05

摘要: 木质纤维素类生物质含有丰富的纤维素和半纤维素多糖,通过微生物发酵将它们转化为能源及高附加值的化学品,对于缓解全球能源危机带来的压力和解决环境污染问题具有重要意义。介绍了木质纤维素类生物质的结构特征;评述了预处理方法,包括稀酸、高温液态水蒸气爆破、CO2爆破、氨爆、碱法、有机溶剂法、生物处理法;重点介绍由生物质生产乙醇、丁醇及生物柴油的研究现状。指出开发高效环保的预处理方法、构建耐毒高产菌株和应用连续发酵或补料批式发酵方式等是加快木质纤维素类生物质发酵利用工业化进程的关键所在。

关键词: 木质纤维素类生物质, 预处理, 糖化, 燃料及化工品

Abstract:   Lignocellulosic biomass,which is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose,can be refined into fuels and other value-added-chemicals. It will enhance and extend the world energy and chemical base without adding additional carbon to the environment. The composition of lignocellulosic biomass feedstock was reviewed,and some typical pretreatment technologies including dilute acid,liquid hot water,steam explosion,carbon dioxide explosion,ammonia fiber explosion,alkaline,organosolv process and biological methods,were compared. Moreover,the production of cellulosic ethanol,n-butanol and biodiesel by fermentation of biomass hydrolyzate was especially discussed. It is necessary to develop efficient and environmental pretreatment technologies for the industrialization of fuel and chemicals production from lignocellulose biomass. In addition,reconstructing inhibitor tolerant strains and applying continuous fermentation or fed-batch fermentation process can reduce the manufacturing cost and enhance the fermentation efficiency.

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